Pariksha SaathiGeneral Studies
Modern Indian History and Freedom Struggle: Practice Questions with Answers
235 practice questions on Modern Indian History and Freedom Struggle, with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.101
Consider the following statements about the Cripps proposals (1942): 1. India was offered Dominion status after the Second World War. 2. Control of defence was to be transferred to Indian ministers immediately. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Only 1
Only statement 1 is correct. The proposals promised Dominion status and a constitution-making body after the war and let provinces stay out of the new union, but defence was to stay under British control during the war, one reason the Congress rejected them.
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Q.102
The Congress ministries formed after the 1937 provincial elections resigned in October-November 1939 because
- A India was declared a party to the Second World War without consulting Indian leaders
- B The Muslim League passed the Lahore Resolution
- C The Cripps Mission failed
- D Gandhi was arrested
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) India was declared a party to the Second World War without consulting Indian leaders
Viceroy Linlithgow declared India at war in September 1939 without consulting the elected ministries, which resigned in protest. Jinnah celebrated their resignation as a 'Day of Deliverance' on 22 December 1939.
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Q.103
The Muslim deputation that met Viceroy Lord Minto at Simla on 1 October 1906 to ask for separate electorates was led by
- A Aga Khan III
- B Nawab Salimullah of Dacca
- C Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- D Maulana Mohammad Ali
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Aga Khan III
Minto's sympathetic reply to the Aga Khan's deputation paved the way for separate electorates in 1909. Nawab Salimullah hosted the Dacca meeting of December 1906 at which the Muslim League was formed.
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Q.104
Which of the following was among the demands of the early Congress under the Moderates?
- A Complete independence (Purna Swaraj)
- B Holding the ICS examination simultaneously in India and England
- C Boycott of British goods and courts
- D Separate electorates for religious communities
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Holding the ICS examination simultaneously in India and England
The Moderates asked for simultaneous ICS examinations in India and England, expansion of the legislative councils, lower military expenditure and separation of the executive from the judiciary. Boycott belongs to the Swadeshi movement of 1905 onwards.
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Q.105
The Rowlatt Act of 1919, which allowed political suspects to be detained without trial, was popularly summed up by the slogan
- A 'Do or die'
- B 'No dalil, no vakil, no appeal'
- C 'Simon go back'
- D 'Delhi chalo'
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) 'No dalil, no vakil, no appeal'
The Act, based on the Rowlatt Committee's report, denied the accused the right to argument, counsel and appeal. Gandhi called a nationwide hartal against it in April 1919.
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Q.106
The Indian National Congress was founded in December 1885 during the viceroyalty of
- A Lord Ripon
- B Lord Lansdowne
- C Lord Dufferin
- D Lord Lytton
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Lord Dufferin
Lord Dufferin was Viceroy from 1884 to 1888; his tenure also saw the Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885) and the annexation of Upper Burma. Ripon had left in 1884 and Lansdowne came in 1888.
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Q.107
The 'Tryst with Destiny' speech was delivered at midnight on 14-15 August 1947 in the Constituent Assembly by
- A Rajendra Prasad
- B Vallabhbhai Patel
- C Jawaharlal Nehru
- D C. Rajagopalachari
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Jawaharlal Nehru
Nehru spoke at the special midnight session of the Constituent Assembly, presided over by its President Rajendra Prasad, as India became free.
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Q.108
Consider the following statements about the Government of India Act, 1858: 1. It abolished the Board of Control and the Court of Directors. 2. It created the office of Secretary of State for India, who was a member of the British cabinet. Which of these is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Both are correct: the Act ended the 'double government' set up by Pitt's India Act and vested its powers in a Secretary of State, assisted by a 15-member Council of India. The Governor-General also received the title of Viceroy.
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Q.109
Consider the following statements: 1. Annie Besant, who presided over the Calcutta session of 1917, was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress. 2. Sarojini Naidu, who presided over the Kanpur session of 1925, was the first Indian woman president of the Congress. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. Annie Besant, a British-born theosophist and Home Rule leader, was the first woman to preside; Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman to do so.
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Q.110
The Treaty of Seringapatam (1792), under which Tipu Sultan had to give up about half of his territory, ended the
- A Third Anglo-Mysore War
- B First Anglo-Mysore War
- C Second Anglo-Mysore War
- D Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Third Anglo-Mysore War
Cornwallis, allied with the Marathas and the Nizam, defeated Tipu in the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790-92); Tipu also paid a heavy indemnity and gave two sons as hostages. The Second war had ended with the Treaty of Mangalore (1784).
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Q.111
Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) Jallianwala Bagh massacre, (B) Lucknow Pact, (C) Chauri Chaura incident, (D) Champaran Satyagraha
- A B, A, D, C
- B D, B, A, C
- C A, B, D, C
- D B, D, A, C
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) B, D, A, C
Lucknow Pact (1916), Champaran (1917), Jallianwala Bagh (April 1919), Chauri Chaura (February 1922). The Lahore Resolution of the Muslim League, moved by A.K. Fazlul Haq, came much later in 1940.
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Q.112
Consider the following statements about the Permanent Settlement (1793): 1. Revenue was fixed directly with the individual cultivator (ryot). 2. Under the 'Sunset Law', a zamindar's estate could be auctioned if the revenue was not paid by sunset on the due date. Which of these is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Only 2
Statement 2 is correct: a zamindari whose revenue was not paid by sunset of the due date was liable to be auctioned. Statement 1 describes the Ryotwari system; the Permanent Settlement fixed the revenue with the zamindars.
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Q.113
Who first addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the 'Father of the Nation', in a radio broadcast in 1944?
- A Jawaharlal Nehru
- B Subhas Chandra Bose
- C Sarojini Naidu
- D Vallabhbhai Patel
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Bose used the title on Azad Hind Radio in 1944, even though the two had differed sharply in 1939. Gandhi Smriti dates the first use to a message of 4 June 1944; his better-known broadcast of 6 July 1944 opened with 'Father of our Nation' and sought Gandhi's blessings for the INA's fight.
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Q.114
In July 1909, Madan Lal Dhingra shot dead which British official in London?
- A Michael O'Dwyer
- B Sir Bampfylde Fuller
- C Lord Minto
- D Sir William Curzon Wyllie
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Sir William Curzon Wyllie
Curzon Wyllie was political aide-de-camp to the Secretary of State for India. Dhingra, a student linked with India House, was hanged in August 1909.
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Q.115
The song 'Amar Sonar Bangla', composed during the anti-partition agitation of 1905 and later adopted as the national anthem of Bangladesh, was written by
- A Rabindranath Tagore
- B Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
- C Kazi Nazrul Islam
- D Dwijendralal Ray
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Rabindranath Tagore
Tagore wrote it in 1905 to stir Bengali unity against the partition; he also suggested that people tie rakhis to one another on 16 October 1905, the day the partition took effect.
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Q.116
Nana Sahib, who led the revolt at Kanpur in 1857, was the adopted son of
- A Mahadji Scindia
- B Peshwa Baji Rao II
- C Daulat Rao Scindia
- D Peshwa Madhav Rao I
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Peshwa Baji Rao II
Nana Sahib (Dhondu Pant) was adopted by the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II; the Company's refusal to continue the Peshwa's pension to him was a major grievance. Tantia Tope was his close associate.
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Q.117
The Swaraj Party (1923), which advocated contesting elections and entering the legislative councils, was founded by
- A Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel
- B Subhas Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru
- C C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
- D Lala Lajpat Rai and Madan Mohan Malaviya
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
After their council-entry proposal was defeated at the Gaya session (1922), C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party; its supporters were called 'pro-changers' and their opponents 'no-changers'.
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Q.118
Regulation XVII of 1829, which declared the practice of Sati illegal and punishable, was passed by
- A Lord Cornwallis
- B Lord Hastings
- C Lord William Bentinck
- D Lord Dalhousie
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Lord William Bentinck
Bentinck abolished Sati in 1829 with the strong support of Raja Rammohan Roy. Dalhousie is linked with the Widow Remarriage Act of 1856, not with Sati.
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Q.119
Gandhi undertook his first fast as a political weapon in India during the
- A Kheda satyagraha, 1918
- B Ahmedabad mill workers' strike, 1918
- C Champaran satyagraha, 1917
- D Rowlatt satyagraha, 1919
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Ahmedabad mill workers' strike, 1918
During the Ahmedabad textile strike of 1918 Gandhi fasted to keep the workers firm, and they won a 35 per cent wage increase; Anasuya Sarabhai supported the workers. Kheda (1918) was a no-tax campaign led with Vallabhbhai Patel.
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Q.120
Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 after a mob burnt a police station and killed policemen at
- A Chauri Chaura (Gorakhpur)
- B Chittagong
- C Champaran
- D Bardoli
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Chauri Chaura (Gorakhpur)
The Chauri Chaura incident of 5 February 1922 killed 22 policemen. The Congress Working Committee at Bardoli (12 February 1922) accepted Gandhi's decision to suspend the movement.
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Q.121
The first newspaper published in India, the 'Bengal Gazette' (1780), was started by
- A Raja Rammohan Roy
- B James Augustus Hicky
- C William Carey
- D Warren Hastings
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) James Augustus Hicky
Hicky's Bengal Gazette was an English weekly critical of Warren Hastings's administration. Rammohan Roy later started Samvad Kaumudi (Bengali, 1821) and Mirat-ul-Akhbar (Persian, 1822).
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Q.122
India's first passenger railway, opened on 16 April 1853 during Lord Dalhousie's tenure, ran between
- A Bombay and Thane
- B Howrah and Hooghly
- C Madras and Arcot
- D Delhi and Agra
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Bombay and Thane
The first passenger train ran about 34 km from Bori Bunder in Bombay to Thane. The Howrah-Hooghly line in the east followed in 1854.
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Q.123
Aurobindo Ghosh served as the principal of which institution, set up in 1906 as part of the Swadeshi movement's national education programme?
- A Kashi Vidyapith
- B Gujarat Vidyapith
- C Jamia Millia Islamia
- D Bengal National College
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Bengal National College
Bengal National College was set up in 1906 under the National Council of Education with Aurobindo Ghosh as principal. Kashi Vidyapith, Gujarat Vidyapith and Jamia Millia Islamia were founded later, during the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-21).
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Q.124
The name 'Pakistan' was coined in 1933 by
- A Muhammad Iqbal
- B Liaquat Ali Khan
- C Choudhary Rahmat Ali
- D Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Choudhary Rahmat Ali
Rahmat Ali, a student at Cambridge, used the name in his 1933 pamphlet 'Now or Never'. Muhammad Iqbal had proposed a consolidated north-western Muslim state in his 1930 address to the Muslim League at Allahabad, without using the name.
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Q.125
Chandra Shekhar Azad died in an encounter with the police on 27 February 1931 at
- A Alfred Park, Allahabad
- B Kakori, near Lucknow
- C Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi
- D Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Alfred Park, Allahabad
Azad, commander-in-chief of the HSRA, died after a shoot-out with the police in Alfred Park, which is now named Chandra Shekhar Azad Park.
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Q.126
The Battle of Plassey (23 June 1757) was fought between Robert Clive and which Nawab of Bengal?
- A Siraj-ud-Daulah
- B Mir Jafar
- C Mir Qasim
- D Alivardi Khan
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Siraj-ud-Daulah
Clive defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey largely because his commander Mir Jafar betrayed him; Mir Jafar was then installed as Nawab. Mir Qasim was the Nawab defeated later at Buxar (1764).
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Q.127
The Indian Association, founded in Calcutta in 1876, was established by Surendranath Banerjea and
- A W.C. Bonnerjee
- B Ananda Mohan Bose
- C Sisir Kumar Ghosh
- D Dwarkanath Tagore
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Ananda Mohan Bose
Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose founded the Indian Association to bring together the educated middle class; it campaigned against the lowering of the maximum age for the ICS examination by Lytton's government. Sisir Kumar Ghosh had founded the India League in 1875.
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Q.128
The integration of more than 560 princely states into the Indian Union was achieved mainly through the efforts of Sardar Patel and
- A B.N. Rau
- B K.M. Munshi
- C V.P. Menon
- D N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) V.P. Menon
V.P. Menon, secretary of the States Department, worked with Patel to secure the Instruments of Accession. Junagadh (plebiscite), Hyderabad (police action, September 1948) and Kashmir (accession, October 1947) were the difficult cases.
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Q.129
The meeting at Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919 was held to protest against the arrest of which two leaders of Amritsar?
- A Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh
- B Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali
- C Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr Satyapal
- D Lala Har Dayal and Bhai Parmanand
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Dr Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr Satyapal
Kitchlew and Satyapal were arrested on 10 April 1919 for leading the anti-Rowlatt agitation in Amritsar. The British government later appointed the Hunter Committee to inquire into the firing.
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Q.130
Under the Mountbatten Plan (1947), referendums were to be held to decide the future of
- A Kashmir and Hyderabad
- B The North-West Frontier Province and the Sylhet district of Assam
- C Punjab and Bengal
- D Sind and Baluchistan
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) The North-West Frontier Province and the Sylhet district of Assam
The NWFP and most of Sylhet went to Pakistan as a result. The partition of Punjab and Bengal was decided instead by members of their legislative assemblies voting in two separate parts.
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Q.131
Under the Cabinet Mission Plan (1946), members of the Constituent Assembly from the British Indian provinces were to be
- A Elected directly by adult franchise
- B Elected indirectly by the members of the provincial legislative assemblies
- C Nominated by the Viceroy
- D Nominated by the Congress and the Muslim League in equal numbers
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Elected indirectly by the members of the provincial legislative assemblies
Seats were allotted to each province roughly in proportion to its population and divided among communities; the provincial assemblies elected the members in July 1946 by proportional representation through the single transferable vote.
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Q.132
The Alipore Bomb Case (1908) followed the attempt by Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki to kill the magistrate Kingsford at
- A Calcutta
- B Muzaffarpur
- C Dhaka
- D Patna
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Muzaffarpur
The bomb thrown at Muzaffarpur killed two Englishwomen instead; Khudiram was hanged and Chaki shot himself. Aurobindo Ghosh was tried in the Alipore case and acquitted, defended by C.R. Das.
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Q.133
The 'Young Bengal' movement grew out of the teaching of Henry Vivian Derozio at
- A Hindu College, Calcutta
- B Fort William College, Calcutta
- C Calcutta Madrasa
- D Serampore College
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Hindu College, Calcutta
Derozio taught at Hindu College from 1826 and encouraged his students to question tradition and authority; he was removed in 1831 and died the same year. His radical followers came to be called Young Bengal.
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Q.134
Which of the following statements about the Home Rule Leagues is correct?
- A Tilak's league was founded in 1917 at Madras
- B Annie Besant's league was founded in 1914 at Poona
- C Tilak founded his league in April 1916 and Annie Besant hers in September 1916
- D Both leagues were founded by Gandhi
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Tilak founded his league in April 1916 and Annie Besant hers in September 1916
Tilak's Home Rule League was launched at Belgaum in April 1916 and worked in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Central Provinces and Berar; Besant's All India Home Rule League, launched at Madras in September 1916, covered the rest of India.
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Q.135
After Dayananda's death the Arya Samaj divided into the 'College' (DAV) and 'Gurukul' sections. The Gurukul Kangri near Haridwar (1902) was founded by
- A Lala Hansraj
- B Swami Shraddhanand
- C Lala Lajpat Rai
- D Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Swami Shraddhanand
Swami Shraddhanand (earlier Lala Munshi Ram) led the Gurukul section, which favoured traditional Vedic education. Lala Hansraj led the DAV section, which had set up the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School at Lahore in 1886.
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Q.136
The Ramakrishna Mission was founded in 1897 by Swami Vivekananda; its headquarters is at
- A Dakshineswar
- B Adyar
- C Belur Math
- D Kanyakumari
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Belur Math
Belur Math on the Hooghly near Calcutta is the headquarters of the Ramakrishna Math and Mission. Dakshineswar is the temple where Ramakrishna lived, and Adyar is the headquarters of the Theosophical Society.
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Q.137
Purna Swaraj (complete independence) was adopted as the goal of the Congress at the Lahore session of December 1929 presided over by
- A Motilal Nehru
- B Jawaharlal Nehru
- C Subhas Chandra Bose
- D Vallabhbhai Patel
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Jawaharlal Nehru
Under Jawaharlal Nehru the tricolour was hoisted on the banks of the Ravi at midnight on 31 December 1929, and 26 January 1930 was observed as the first Independence Day.
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Q.138
The Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, which later became the Aligarh Muslim University, was founded in 1875 by
- A Nawab Salimullah
- B Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
- C Aga Khan
- D Shibli Nomani
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan founded the MAO College at Aligarh to promote modern education among Muslims; he had earlier started the Scientific Society (1864). Nawab Salimullah and the Aga Khan were associated with the founding of the Muslim League in 1906.
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Q.139
Which of the following is NOT associated with Lord Dalhousie?
- A Vernacular Press Act, 1878
- B Doctrine of Lapse
- C Annexation of Punjab, 1849
- D Post Office Act, 1854
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Vernacular Press Act, 1878
The Vernacular Press Act was passed by Lord Lytton in 1878, long after Dalhousie left India in 1856. Dalhousie applied the Doctrine of Lapse, annexed Punjab after the Second Anglo-Sikh War and passed the Post Office Act of 1854.
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Q.140
The Treaty of Amritsar (1809) between Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the East India Company fixed which river as the boundary between his kingdom and the territories under British protection?
- A Beas
- B Ravi
- C Sutlej
- D Chenab
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Sutlej
Negotiated by Charles Metcalfe during Lord Minto I's tenure, the treaty kept Ranjit Singh north of the Sutlej, and the cis-Sutlej Sikh states came under British protection.
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Q.141
After Japan handed over the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the Azad Hind government, Subhas Chandra Bose renamed them
- A Azad and Hind
- B Swatantra and Bharat
- C Shaheed and Swaraj
- D Kranti and Mukti
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Shaheed and Swaraj
Bose hoisted the tricolour at Port Blair on 30 December 1943. In 2018 Neil and Havelock islands were renamed Shaheed Dweep and Swaraj Dweep in memory of this.
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Q.142
The book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' (1901), which set out the theory of the 'drain of wealth' from India to Britain, was written by
- A Dadabhai Naoroji
- B R.C. Dutt
- C M.G. Ranade
- D G.V. Joshi
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Dadabhai Naoroji
Dadabhai Naoroji argued that a large part of India's wealth flowed to Britain as home charges, salaries, pensions and profits without any return. R.C. Dutt developed related arguments in his 'Economic History of India'.
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Q.143
Which of the following was NOT a member of the combined force defeated by Hector Munro at the Battle of Buxar (1764)?
- A Siraj-ud-Daulah
- B Mir Qasim
- C Shuja-ud-Daulah of Awadh
- D Mughal emperor Shah Alam II
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Siraj-ud-Daulah
At Buxar the English faced the joint armies of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daulah and Shah Alam II. Siraj-ud-Daulah had already been killed after Plassey in 1757.
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Q.144
The Treaty of Sugauli (1816) concluded the East India Company's war with
- A Burma
- B Bhutan
- C Nepal
- D Afghanistan
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Nepal
The Anglo-Nepal (Gorkha) War of 1814-16, fought under Lord Hastings, ended with the Treaty of Sugauli, by which Nepal gave up territories including Kumaon and Garhwal. The First Anglo-Burmese War ended with the Treaty of Yandabo (1826).
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Q.145
Gandhi's first satyagraha in India, at Champaran in Bihar (1917), was against the 'tinkathia' system imposed on peasants by
- A European indigo planters
- B Tea planters
- C Zamindars of Bengal
- D Opium contractors
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) European indigo planters
Under tinkathia, peasants had to grow indigo on three-twentieths of their land for the European planters. Gandhi went to Champaran at the invitation of Raj Kumar Shukla.
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Q.146
The Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act of 1856 was passed largely as a result of the campaign led by
- A Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
- B Raja Rammohan Roy
- C Keshab Chandra Sen
- D Debendranath Tagore
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Vidyasagar, principal of the Sanskrit College at Calcutta, argued from the shastras that widow remarriage was permitted and sent petitions to the government. Rammohan Roy had died in 1833, long before the Act.
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Q.147
The All India Muslim League was founded in December 1906 at
- A Dhaka
- B Aligarh
- C Lucknow
- D Lahore
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Dhaka
The League was formed at Dhaka under the lead of Nawab Salimullah, with the Aga Khan as its first president, shortly after the Simla deputation to Lord Minto in October 1906.
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Q.148
The 1907 agitation of Punjab peasants against the Colonisation Bill and higher canal water rates, remembered for the song 'Pagdi Sambhal Jatta', was led by
- A Kartar Singh Sarabha
- B Sohan Singh Bhakna
- C Udham Singh
- D Ajit Singh
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Ajit Singh
Ajit Singh, the uncle of Bhagat Singh, led the agitation along with Lala Lajpat Rai, and both were deported to Mandalay in 1907. Kartar Singh Sarabha was a young Ghadar revolutionary hanged in 1915.
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Q.149
Velu Thampi, who led an uprising against the Company in 1808-09, was the Dalawa (Dewan) of
- A Cochin
- B Mysore
- C Travancore
- D Coorg
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Travancore
Velu Thampi, Dalawa of Travancore, opposed the Company's heavy subsidy demands and interference, and issued the Kundara Proclamation (1809) calling the people to resist. He took his own life in 1809 rather than be captured.
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Q.150
At the Calcutta session of 1906 the Congress, under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji, for the first time declared its goal to be
- A Purna Swaraj
- B Swaraj (self-government)
- C Dominion status
- D Home Rule
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Swaraj (self-government)
Naoroji declared 'Swaraj' like that of the self-governing colonies as the Congress goal in 1906. Purna Swaraj was adopted only at Lahore in 1929 and dominion status was the demand of the Nehru Report (1928).
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Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.