Pariksha SaathiPedagogy
CTET Inclusive Education MCQ with Answers
79 practice questions on Inclusive Education and Children with Special Needs for CTET Paper I and Paper II (Child Development and Pedagogy), with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.1
Illegible handwriting, inconsistent spacing, poor spelling and extreme difficulty in putting thoughts on paper, despite good oral expression, indicate:
- A Dyspraxia
- B Dyslexia
- C Dysgraphia
- D ADHD
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Dysgraphia
Dysgraphia is the specific learning disability affecting writing, both handwriting and written expression. Good oral expression shows the difficulty is specific to writing, not general language.
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Q.2
Creative children are characterised mainly by:
- A Convergent thinking that seeks the single correct answer
- B Strong rote memory for facts
- C Divergent thinking marked by fluency, flexibility and originality
- D Strict obedience to given instructions
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Divergent thinking marked by fluency, flexibility and originality
Guilford linked creativity to divergent thinking, which generates many varied and novel ideas; Torrance measured it through fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. Convergent thinking and rote memory are not markers of creativity.
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Q.3
Providing a scribe or extra time in an examination to a child with dysgraphia is an example of:
- A An accommodation, which changes how the child shows learning but not what is assessed
- B A modification of the curriculum
- C Segregation of the child
- D Lowering of academic standards
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) An accommodation, which changes how the child shows learning but not what is assessed
Accommodations remove the barrier posed by the disability without altering the content or standard being assessed. A modification would change the learning outcomes themselves.
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Q.4
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) rests on three principles: multiple means of representation, multiple means of action and expression, and multiple means of:
- A Punishment
- B Segregation
- C Standardised testing
- D Engagement
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Engagement
UDL, developed by CAST, asks teachers to present content in several ways, let learners show what they know in several ways, and motivate them in several ways (engagement). It is planned for all learners from the start rather than retrofitted.
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Q.5
Which teaching approach is most appropriate for a child with mild intellectual disability in a regular class?
- A Abstract explanations delivered at the normal pace of the class
- B Concrete, hands-on, step-by-step tasks with frequent repetition and praise
- C Teaching the full syllabus unchanged with the same tests
- D Exempting the child from co-curricular activities
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Concrete, hands-on, step-by-step tasks with frequent repetition and praise
Children with intellectual disability learn best through concrete materials, small steps, repetition and positive reinforcement. Abstract teaching at normal pace and unchanged assessment ignore their needs, and exclusion from activities is segregating.
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Q.6
The Education Commission (1964-66) chaired by D.S. Kothari recommended the ___ to promote social cohesion and equality.
- A Common school system
- B Special schools in every district
- C Expansion of private schools
- D Residential schools for all children
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Common school system
The Kothari Commission proposed a common school system of public education open to all children irrespective of caste, creed or economic condition, as a means of social integration. It also favoured integrated education for children with disabilities.
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Q.7
What is the essential difference between integration and inclusion?
- A In integration the child adjusts to the school; in inclusion the school adjusts to the child
- B In integration the school adjusts to the child; in inclusion the child adjusts to the school
- C Integration applies to primary classes while inclusion applies only to secondary classes
- D Integration is for children with physical disabilities while inclusion is for learning disabilities
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) In integration the child adjusts to the school; in inclusion the school adjusts to the child
Integration places the child in a regular school without changing the system, so the burden of adjustment falls on the child. Inclusion requires the school to change so that every child can participate.
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Q.8
A gifted student finishes her work well before others and then disturbs the class. The teacher should:
- A Give her more sums of the same kind to keep her busy
- B Ask her to sit quietly till the others finish
- C Punish her for indiscipline
- D Provide challenging, open-ended tasks and enrichment activities
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Provide challenging, open-ended tasks and enrichment activities
Disruption by a gifted child usually signals boredom; the remedy is intellectually challenging work that extends her learning. More of the same, enforced idleness or punishment do not address the cause.
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Q.9
In cooperative learning, children work in small heterogeneous groups in which:
- A The brightest child completes the task for the group
- B Each member is individually accountable and the group shares a common goal
- C Members compete with one another for marks
- D Groups are formed strictly according to ability level
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Each member is individually accountable and the group shares a common goal
Cooperative learning rests on positive interdependence and individual accountability within mixed-ability groups. Ability-based grouping and intra-group competition contradict its purpose.
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Q.10
Under the RTE Act 2009, a 'child belonging to disadvantaged group' includes a child of SC, ST, socially and educationally backward class, or any other group disadvantaged owing to:
- A Caste alone
- B Family income below a prescribed limit alone
- C Social, cultural, economical, geographical, linguistic, gender or such other factor
- D Residence in a rural area alone
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Social, cultural, economical, geographical, linguistic, gender or such other factor
Section 2(d) of the RTE Act defines the disadvantaged group broadly, by social, cultural, economical, geographical, linguistic, gender or such other factors. A child from a 'weaker section' (Section 2(e)) is defined separately by parental income.
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Q.11
An FM system in a classroom is primarily used to help a child with:
- A Visual impairment, by enlarging the text on the board
- B Dyscalculia, by displaying numbers on a screen
- C Hearing impairment, by transmitting the teacher's voice directly to the child's receiver
- D Cerebral palsy, by supporting posture
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Hearing impairment, by transmitting the teacher's voice directly to the child's receiver
In an FM system the teacher wears a microphone whose signal is sent by radio to a receiver worn by the child, cutting out background noise and distance. It is an assistive listening device for hearing impairment.
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Q.12
The 'zero rejection policy' adopted under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan means that:
- A No child with special needs can be denied admission, whatever the kind or degree of disability
- B No child will be failed in any class
- C No application for a teacher's post will be rejected
- D No school will be denied grants
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) No child with special needs can be denied admission, whatever the kind or degree of disability
Zero rejection commits every school to admit every child with special needs and to provide education in the most appropriate environment. It operationalises the right of all children to schooling.
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Q.13
According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, a child who learns best through movement and hands-on activity shows strength in:
- A Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence
- B Linguistic intelligence
- C Logical-mathematical intelligence
- D Spatial intelligence
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence
Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence involves using the body skilfully and learning by doing. Gardner's theory supports differentiation by letting children engage with content through their stronger intelligences.
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Q.14
Underachievement among gifted children is most often linked to:
- A Low intelligence that was wrongly assessed
- B Lack of challenge, boredom and unrecognised potential in the classroom
- C An undetected hearing impairment
- D Excessive praise from teachers
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Lack of challenge, boredom and unrecognised potential in the classroom
Gifted underachievers perform far below their ability mainly because the curriculum does not challenge them and their potential goes unnoticed, leading to disengagement. Appropriate enrichment and recognition reverse this.
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Q.15
Which group of conditions is covered under 'specific learning disabilities' in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016?
- A Blindness and low vision
- B Autism spectrum disorder and cerebral palsy
- C Thalassemia and haemophilia
- D Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia and developmental aphasia
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia and developmental aphasia
The RPwD Act 2016 lists specific learning disabilities as one of its 21 categories, naming perceptual disabilities, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia and developmental aphasia. The other options are separate categories in the Act.
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Q.16
The centrally sponsored scheme of Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) was launched in:
- A 1964
- B 1974
- C 1986
- D 1995
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) 1974
IEDC was launched in 1974 to provide educational opportunities to children with disabilities in regular schools. It was later revised as the Inclusive Education of the Disabled at Secondary Stage scheme for Classes IX to XII.
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Q.17
Which of the following is the most appropriate way to refer to a learner in an inclusive setting?
- A 'A child with visual impairment'
- B 'The blind boy'
- C 'The handicapped child'
- D 'The abnormal child'
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) 'A child with visual impairment'
Person-first language puts the child before the condition and avoids labelling. Terms such as 'handicapped' and 'abnormal' are stigmatising and are no longer acceptable.
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Q.18
Which statement about dyslexia is correct?
- A It is caused by low intelligence
- B It is the result of laziness and poor effort
- C It is a neurological difference in processing language, independent of intelligence
- D It can be cured by punishment and additional copy-writing
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) It is a neurological difference in processing language, independent of intelligence
Dyslexia is a neurobiological condition affecting reading and spelling and occurs across the whole range of intelligence. Punishment and copy-writing do not help; structured, multi-sensory teaching does.
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Q.19
In peer tutoring:
- A The teacher teaches each student individually in turn
- B Parents teach the lesson again at home
- C Students compete with each other for ranks
- D A student helps a classmate learn under the guidance of the teacher
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A student helps a classmate learn under the guidance of the teacher
Peer tutoring pairs students so that one supports the learning of another; both tutor and tutee benefit, and it is a practical inclusive strategy in large classes. It is cooperative, not competitive.
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Q.20
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) was adopted in 2006. India ratified it in:
- A 2006
- B 2007
- C 2009
- D 2016
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) 2007
India signed and ratified the UNCRPD in 2007. The obligation to align domestic law with the Convention, including Article 24 on inclusive education, led to the RPwD Act 2016.
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Q.21
Which of the following is a feature of a barrier-free school environment?
- A Ramps with handrails, accessible toilets, tactile paths and wide doorways
- B Classrooms for children with disabilities located on the top floor
- C Narrow staircases with no alternative access
- D Fixed benches with no space for a wheelchair
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Ramps with handrails, accessible toilets, tactile paths and wide doorways
A barrier-free campus removes physical obstacles so that children with locomotor, visual and other disabilities can move and participate independently. The other options are examples of barriers.
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Q.22
Section 12(1)(c) of the RTE Act 2009 requires private unaided schools to admit, in Class I, at least ___ of their strength from children of weaker sections and disadvantaged groups.
- A 10 percent
- B 25 percent
- C 33 percent
- D 50 percent
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) 25 percent
The 25 percent provision at the entry level is the RTE Act's principal instrument for social inclusion in private schools, with the State reimbursing the expenditure. The Act covers children aged 6 to 14 years.
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Q.23
To address gender disparity in her classroom, a teacher should:
- A Give girls simpler tasks so that they do not feel pressured
- B Ensure equal participation of girls and boys and challenge gender stereotypes in textbooks and classroom roles
- C Always seat girls and boys in separate rows to avoid distraction
- D Assign leadership and science activities mainly to boys
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Ensure equal participation of girls and boys and challenge gender stereotypes in textbooks and classroom roles
Gender-sensitive teaching gives equal opportunity and actively questions stereotypes. Simpler tasks for girls, fixed separate seating and boy-only leadership reinforce the very disparity the teacher must remove.
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Q.24
A separate school where children with hearing impairment study only with other hearing-impaired children is an example of:
- A Mainstreaming
- B Integration
- C Inclusion
- D Segregation
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Segregation
Educating children with disabilities apart from their peers in special schools is segregation. Mainstreaming and integration place the child in a regular school at least part of the time.
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Q.25
A teacher in a multilingual classroom should regard the many languages of her students as:
- A A hindrance to be removed by insisting on one language only
- B A problem that inevitably lowers achievement
- C Relevant only during language periods
- D A resource that enriches learning and builds cognitive flexibility
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A resource that enriches learning and builds cognitive flexibility
NCF 2005 treats multilingualism as a resource and a classroom strategy, not a problem. Children's home languages support comprehension and should be used across subjects, not only in language periods.
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Q.26
A principal says: 'Every child should be educated with peers in the regular class as far as possible, and removed only when the nature of the disability makes it unavoidable.' This reflects the principle of:
- A Homogeneous grouping
- B Least restrictive environment
- C Medical model of disability
- D Ability tracking
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Least restrictive environment
The least restrictive environment principle requires that children with disabilities be educated with non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate. Homogeneous grouping and tracking separate children by ability.
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Q.27
Which of the following is NOT a valid justification for inclusive education?
- A Education of all children together is a matter of human rights and equality
- B Children without disabilities learn to accept and value diversity
- C Children with disabilities learn best when kept apart from other children
- D Inclusion reduces stigma and labelling of children with disabilities
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Children with disabilities learn best when kept apart from other children
The belief that children with disabilities learn best in isolation is the rationale of segregation and is contradicted by research. Rights, social benefits for all learners and reduced stigma are the standard arguments for inclusion.
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Q.28
Which classroom strategy is most helpful for a child with ADHD?
- A Seat him at the back so that others are not disturbed
- B Give him long assignments to build patience
- C Punish every instance of restlessness firmly
- D Seat him near the teacher, break tasks into short steps and allow movement breaks
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Seat him near the teacher, break tasks into short steps and allow movement breaks
Children with ADHD benefit from proximity to the teacher, short clear tasks, structured routines and legitimate opportunities to move. Back seating, long tasks and punishment increase inattention and conflict.
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Q.29
A child in your class stammers while speaking. You should:
- A Complete his sentences quickly to save class time
- B Give him time, listen patiently and avoid drawing attention to the stammer
- C Excuse him from speaking in class altogether
- D Ask his classmates to correct him whenever he stammers
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Give him time, listen patiently and avoid drawing attention to the stammer
Patience, time and a relaxed listening environment reduce anxiety and help fluency. Finishing sentences, peer correction and exemption increase self-consciousness and exclude the child.
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Q.30
Which Article of the Constitution directs every State to provide adequate facilities for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage to children of linguistic minority groups?
- A Article 29
- B Article 30
- C Article 350A
- D Article 46
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Article 350A
Article 350A, inserted by the 7th Amendment, deals with facilities for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage. Article 29 protects minority culture, Article 30 their right to run institutions, and Article 46 promotes SC, ST and weaker sections.
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Q.31
Which of the following is a typical characteristic of a gifted child?
- A Slowness in grasping new concepts
- B Advanced vocabulary, intense curiosity, rapid learning and ability to see relationships
- C Always obedient and well-behaved in class
- D Always securing the highest marks in every subject
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Advanced vocabulary, intense curiosity, rapid learning and ability to see relationships
Gifted children learn quickly, use rich language, ask probing questions and grasp abstract relationships. They are not necessarily obedient or top scorers; many become bored and may even underachieve.
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Q.32
Dyspraxia, also known as developmental coordination disorder, primarily affects a child's:
- A Fluency in reading
- B Sense of number
- C Ability to hear speech sounds
- D Planning and coordination of motor movements
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Planning and coordination of motor movements
Dyspraxia affects the planning and execution of movement, so the child appears clumsy, has trouble with buttons, cutting, handwriting and physical games. It is not a reading or number disorder.
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Q.33
A child who is gifted and at the same time has a learning disability is described as:
- A A slow learner
- B An underachiever
- C A backward child
- D Twice-exceptional
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Twice-exceptional
Twice-exceptional (2e) learners have high ability together with a disability such as dyslexia or ADHD; the disability can mask the gift and vice versa. A slow learner has below-average ability, which is the opposite case.
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Q.34
Who should be involved in preparing the IEP of a child with special needs?
- A Only the special educator
- B Only the school principal
- C Only the parents of the child
- D A team including the class teacher, special educator, parents and, where possible, the child
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A team including the class teacher, special educator, parents and, where possible, the child
The IEP is a collaborative document; the class teacher knows the curriculum, the special educator the strategies, the parents the child, and the child's own voice guides realistic goals. Any single-person plan misses essential perspectives.
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Q.35
Indian Sign Language (ISL) is:
- A A collection of gestures without any grammar
- B The same as finger-spelling English words
- C A universal language used by deaf people in every country
- D A complete natural language with its own grammar, used by the Deaf community in India
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A complete natural language with its own grammar, used by the Deaf community in India
ISL is a full language with its own vocabulary and grammar, distinct from spoken Hindi or English and from the sign languages of other countries. Finger-spelling is only a small supplementary part of signing.
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Q.36
Remedial teaching is best described as:
- A Punishment for students who score low marks
- B Re-teaching the entire syllabus to the whole class
- C Targeted instruction given after diagnosing the specific difficulty of a learner
- D Extra homework assigned to weak students
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Targeted instruction given after diagnosing the specific difficulty of a learner
Remedial teaching follows diagnosis: the teacher identifies exactly where the learner is going wrong and designs focused instruction to correct it. It is neither punitive nor a blanket repetition of the syllabus.
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Q.37
Louis Braille, who devised the Braille system of reading and writing for the blind, belonged to:
- A England
- B Germany
- C France
- D United States of America
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) France
Louis Braille (1809-1852) was a Frenchman who lost his sight in childhood and developed the six-dot system as a teenager at the Royal Institute for Blind Youth in Paris. His birthday, 4 January, is observed as World Braille Day.
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Q.38
The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act was enacted in:
- A 1986
- B 1992
- C 1995
- D 2009
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 1995
The PWD Act 1995 was India's first comprehensive disability law; it recognised seven disabilities and provided 3 percent reservation. 1992 is the Rehabilitation Council of India Act and 2009 the RTE Act.
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Q.39
Intellectual disability is characterised by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour, with onset:
- A After the age of sixty years
- B Only after a head injury in adulthood
- C Only during old age
- D During the developmental period, before adulthood
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) During the developmental period, before adulthood
By definition intellectual disability originates in the developmental period (childhood and adolescence). Limitations acquired later in life from injury or ageing are classified differently.
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Q.40
Which of the following best describes inclusive education?
- A Educating children with disabilities in well-equipped special schools with trained staff
- B Admitting children with disabilities to regular schools and expecting them to adapt to the existing system
- C Restructuring the school so that all children, with and without disabilities, learn together with the support they need
- D Teaching children with disabilities separately in a resource room inside a regular school
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Restructuring the school so that all children, with and without disabilities, learn together with the support they need
Inclusive education means the school adapts its curriculum, teaching and environment so that all children learn together. Option B describes integration, where the child is expected to adjust to an unchanged school.
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Q.41
The role of a resource teacher (special educator) in an inclusive school is to:
- A Support the child and the class teacher with specialised strategies, materials and the IEP, within the regular class
- B Teach children with disabilities only in a separate special school
- C Replace the class teacher for children with special needs
- D Look after discipline and attendance of the whole school
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Support the child and the class teacher with specialised strategies, materials and the IEP, within the regular class
The resource teacher works collaboratively with the regular teacher, adapting material, providing individual or small-group support and guiding the IEP, so that the child remains part of the regular class. She complements rather than replaces the class teacher.
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Q.42
A 'first-generation learner' is a child:
- A Who is the first in his or her family to attend school
- B Who is studying in Class I for the first time
- C Who has migrated from another State during the session
- D Who is repeating a class for the first time
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Who is the first in his or her family to attend school
First-generation learners come from families where no one has attended school before, so they lack home support for schooling and need the teacher to bridge home and school. The other options describe different situations.
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Q.43
In differentiated instruction, the teacher varies ___ according to learners' readiness, interests and learning profiles.
- A Only the marks awarded
- B The number of students in the class
- C Content, process, product and learning environment
- D The school timing
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Content, process, product and learning environment
Carol Ann Tomlinson described differentiation as adjusting what is taught (content), how it is learnt (process), how learning is shown (product) and the classroom environment. It keeps all learners in the same class while meeting different needs.
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Q.44
Rani, from a migrant labourer family, joins your Class III in the middle of the year and speaks a dialect different from the school language. The most appropriate response is to:
- A Ask her to remain silent in class until she learns the standard language
- B Place her in a lower class till she catches up with the others
- C Use her home language as a resource, pair her with supportive peers and bridge gradually to the school language
- D Advise her parents to admit her in a school in their home State instead
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Use her home language as a resource, pair her with supportive peers and bridge gradually to the school language
An inclusive teacher values the child's home language, builds on it and provides peer support while gradually introducing the school language. Silencing, demotion or exclusion are segregating responses.
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Q.45
Which of the following statements about autism is a MYTH?
- A Autism is a spectrum, with wide variation in abilities and needs
- B Autism is caused by cold and unaffectionate parenting
- C Early intervention improves outcomes for children with autism
- D Many children with autism have average or above-average intelligence
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Autism is caused by cold and unaffectionate parenting
The 'refrigerator mother' theory blaming parents has been completely discredited; autism is a neurodevelopmental condition. The other three statements are established facts.
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Q.46
Which of the following is a core characteristic of autism spectrum disorder?
- A Difficulty in social communication along with restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests
- B Progressive loss of vision
- C Inability to walk due to damage to the brain
- D Reversal of letters while reading
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Difficulty in social communication along with restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests
Autism is defined by persistent difficulties in social communication and interaction together with restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour. Letter reversal points to dyslexia and movement problems to cerebral palsy.
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Q.47
In the 'buddy system' used in inclusive classrooms, a child with special needs is:
- A Paired with a supportive classmate who helps with routines, movement and participation
- B Attended by a visiting doctor during school hours
- C Seated alone so that he can concentrate better
- D Sent to a special school for part of the week
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Paired with a supportive classmate who helps with routines, movement and participation
A buddy is a peer who offers friendship and practical help, which builds social acceptance and reduces the teacher's load. Isolation or part-time special schooling are forms of segregation.
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Q.48
Which set of signs should alert a primary teacher to a possible visual problem in a child?
- A Reversing letters and reading very slowly
- B Blurting out answers and losing belongings
- C Holding the book very close, squinting, rubbing the eyes and complaining of headaches
- D Repeating others' words and insisting on routines
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Holding the book very close, squinting, rubbing the eyes and complaining of headaches
Holding reading material close, squinting, eye rubbing, watering eyes and headaches are warning signs of visual impairment that call for an eye examination. The other sets point to dyslexia, ADHD and autism respectively.
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Q.49
A child who, over several months, frequently shows aggression, defies rules and deliberately annoys others, affecting his learning and relationships, is most likely showing signs of:
- A Giftedness
- B Dyscalculia
- C Visual impairment
- D An emotional and behavioural disorder
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) An emotional and behavioural disorder
Persistent, intense patterns of aggression, defiance and disruption that interfere with learning indicate an emotional and behavioural disorder such as conduct or oppositional defiant behaviour. Such a child needs positive behaviour support, not merely punishment.
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Q.50
Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) for a child with challenging behaviour emphasises:
- A Understanding the purpose of the behaviour, teaching alternative skills and reinforcing desired behaviour
- B Using corporal punishment immediately after the behaviour
- C Isolating the child from the class until the behaviour stops
- D Ignoring all behaviour, good or bad, so that it fades away
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Understanding the purpose of the behaviour, teaching alternative skills and reinforcing desired behaviour
PBS is proactive: it identifies what function the behaviour serves, changes the environment, teaches a replacement skill and rewards appropriate behaviour. Punishment and isolation suppress behaviour without teaching anything new.
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How these questions were made
Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.