Pariksha SaathiGeneral Studies
Indian Geography: Practice Questions with Answers
239 practice questions on Indian Geography, with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.101
Which of the following states does NOT share a border with Bangladesh?
- A Meghalaya
- B Tripura
- C Mizoram
- D Manipur
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Manipur
Five states border Bangladesh: West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram. Manipur's international border is with Myanmar.
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Q.102
In Assam, West Bengal and Odisha, three crops of which grain, called aus, aman and boro, are grown in a year?
- A Wheat
- B Maize
- C Barley
- D Rice
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Rice
Aus, aman and boro are the three paddy seasons of eastern India: aus is sown before or with the monsoon, aman is the main monsoon crop harvested in winter, and boro is grown in winter and spring with irrigation.
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Q.103
The Sardar Sarovar dam in Gujarat is constructed on the river
- A Tapi
- B Mahi
- C Sabarmati
- D Narmada
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Narmada
Sardar Sarovar at Kevadia is the terminal dam of the Narmada valley project. The Ukai dam is on the Tapi.
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Q.104
Namdapha National Park and Tiger Reserve, in Changlang district on the border with Myanmar, is located in which state?
- A Nagaland
- B Manipur
- C Mizoram
- D Arunachal Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Arunachal Pradesh
Namdapha, along the Noa-Dihing river in Arunachal Pradesh, protects eastern Himalayan rainforest and was made a tiger reserve in 1983.
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Q.105
Which substance is commonly added to reclaim saline and alkaline (usar) soils in the irrigated areas of Punjab and Haryana?
- A Lime
- B Urea
- C Rock phosphate
- D Gypsum
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Gypsum
Excessive irrigation has made some fertile alluvial soils saline, and NCERT notes that gypsum is added to tackle this salinity. Lime, by contrast, is used to correct acidic soils.
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Q.106
Mumbai High, India's largest offshore oil field, is located in
- A the Bay of Bengal
- B the Gulf of Khambhat
- C the Arabian Sea
- D the Gulf of Kachchh
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) the Arabian Sea
Mumbai High (earlier Bombay High) lies in the Arabian Sea about 160 km west of Mumbai and was discovered in 1974. The Krishna-Godavari basin is the main offshore field in the Bay of Bengal.
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Q.107
On the basis of river valleys, the part of the Himalaya lying between the Sutlej and the Kali rivers is known as the
- A Punjab Himalaya
- B Nepal Himalaya
- C Kumaon Himalaya
- D Assam Himalaya
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Kumaon Himalaya
The Punjab Himalaya lies between the Indus and the Sutlej, the Kumaon Himalaya between the Sutlej and the Kali, the Nepal Himalaya between the Kali and the Teesta, and the Assam Himalaya between the Teesta and the Dihang.
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Q.108
Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh is noted for saving which animal from near extinction?
- A Chinkara
- B Blackbuck
- C Hangul
- D Hard-ground barasingha (swamp deer)
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Hard-ground barasingha (swamp deer)
Kanha's meadows hold the hard-ground barasingha, a swamp deer subspecies whose numbers were built up there from a very low level; it is the state animal of Madhya Pradesh.
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Q.109
The National Forest Policy of 1988 set the target of bringing what proportion of India's geographical area under forest or tree cover?
- A 25 percent
- B 30 percent
- C 33 percent
- D 40 percent
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 33 percent
Both the 1952 and 1988 forest policies aim at one-third (33 percent) of the land area under forest and tree cover, with two-thirds recommended in the hills.
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Q.110
Which of the following nuclear power stations is correctly matched with its state?
- A Kakrapar - Maharashtra
- B Rawatbhata - Gujarat
- C Kaiga - Karnataka
- D Kalpakkam - Andhra Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Kaiga - Karnataka
Kaiga is in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka. Kakrapar is in Gujarat, Rawatbhata in Rajasthan and Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu.
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Q.111
The temperate forests found in the Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Palani hills of southern India are called
- A Duns
- B Terai
- C Sholas
- D Duars
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Sholas
NCERT notes that the temperate forests of the Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Palani hills are called sholas; they occur as patches of evergreen forest among high-altitude grasslands.
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Q.112
Which of the following pairs of agricultural 'revolution' and the sector it relates to is correctly matched?
- A Yellow Revolution - Milk production
- B White Revolution - Oilseeds
- C Green Revolution - Fisheries
- D Blue Revolution - Fish production
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Blue Revolution - Fish production
The Blue Revolution refers to the growth of fisheries and aquaculture. The Yellow Revolution relates to oilseeds and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) to milk.
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Q.113
The climate of India as a whole is broadly described as
- A Tropical monsoon type
- B Mediterranean type
- C Equatorial type
- D Temperate continental type
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Tropical monsoon type
India has a monsoon type of climate, marked by a seasonal reversal of winds and a rainy season from June to September. Regional variations exist, but the monsoon gives the country's climate its unity.
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Q.114
The Indira Gandhi Canal, which carries water to the Thar desert of western Rajasthan, takes off from which barrage?
- A Nangal Barrage
- B Ropar Barrage
- C Hussainiwala Barrage
- D Harike Barrage
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Harike Barrage
The canal starts at the Harike Barrage in Punjab, just below the confluence of the Sutlej and the Beas. It irrigates districts such as Sri Ganganagar, Bikaner and Jaisalmer.
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Q.115
National Waterway 2, between Dhubri and Sadiya in Assam, is on which river?
- A Brahmaputra
- B Barak
- C Ganga
- D Teesta
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Brahmaputra
National Waterway 2 covers about 891 km of the Brahmaputra from Dhubri to Sadiya. National Waterway 1 is on the Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hugli, and the Barak of southern Assam is a separate waterway.
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Q.116
Dhupgarh, the highest point of the Satpura range, lies near which hill station?
- A Amarkantak
- B Mandu
- C Pachmarhi
- D Chikhaldara
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Pachmarhi
Dhupgarh, in the Mahadeo hills near Pachmarhi in Madhya Pradesh, is the highest point of the Satpura range and of Madhya Pradesh.
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Q.117
The 'Loo', a feature of the hot weather season in India, is
- A A cold wind blowing over Kashmir in winter
- B A pre-monsoon shower that helps mangoes ripen in Kerala
- C A hot, dry, gusty wind blowing by day over north and north-west India in summer
- D A tropical cyclone that strikes the east coast in November
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) A hot, dry, gusty wind blowing by day over north and north-west India in summer
NCERT describes the Loo as strong, gusty, hot, dry winds blowing during the day over north and north-western India in May and June. Direct exposure to it can be fatal.
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Q.118
Which of the following tributaries joins the Ganga from the south (right bank)?
- A Gandak
- B Ghaghara
- C Son
- D Gomti
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Son
The Son rises on the Amarkantak plateau and joins the Ganga west of Patna as a large south-bank tributary. The Gandak, Ghaghara and Gomti join from the north.
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Q.119
The Gandhi Sagar dam in Madhya Pradesh is built on which river?
- A Chambal
- B Betwa
- C Ken
- D Son
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Chambal
Gandhi Sagar (MP), Rana Pratap Sagar and Jawahar Sagar (Rajasthan) and the Kota barrage together form the Chambal valley project. The Rihand dam lies in the Son basin.
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Q.120
Consider the following statements about wheat in India: 1. It needs a cool growing season and bright sunshine at the time of ripening. 2. It needs about 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed over the growing season. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Both statements are correct. Wheat is a rabi crop of the cool season; the Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west and the black soil region of the Deccan are its two main growing zones.
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Q.121
Arrange the following Himalayan passes from west to east: 1. Nathu La 2. Zoji La 3. Mana 4. Shipki La
- A 4, 2, 3, 1
- B 2, 3, 4, 1
- C 2, 4, 1, 3
- D 2, 4, 3, 1
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 2, 4, 3, 1
Zoji La is in the Kashmir Himalaya, Shipki La in Himachal Pradesh, Mana in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand and Nathu La in Sikkim, so the west-to-east order is 2, 4, 3, 1.
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Q.122
Consider the following statements based on the Census of 2011: 1. Kerala recorded the highest literacy rate among the states. 2. Uttar Pradesh recorded the lowest literacy rate among the states. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Only 1
Only statement 1 is correct: Kerala led with about 94 percent literacy. The lowest literacy among states was in Bihar (about 61.8 percent), not Uttar Pradesh.
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Q.123
The McMahon Line marks the boundary between India and
- A Nepal
- B China
- C Myanmar
- D Bhutan
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) China
The McMahon Line, drawn at the 1914 Simla Convention, forms the boundary between India (Arunachal Pradesh) and China (Tibet). The Radcliffe Line separates India from Pakistan and Bangladesh, and the Durand Line is between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
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Q.124
The Integral Coach Factory, which makes passenger coaches for Indian Railways, is located at
- A Kapurthala
- B Perambur (Chennai)
- C Chittaranjan
- D Varanasi
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Perambur (Chennai)
ICF at Perambur in Chennai builds passenger coaches. The Rail Coach Factory is at Kapurthala (Punjab), Chittaranjan (West Bengal) builds electric locomotives, and Varanasi also builds locomotives.
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Q.125
The Himalaya are young fold mountains formed from the sediments that had collected in which ancient sea?
- A Tethys Sea
- B Arabian Sea
- C Mediterranean Sea
- D Bay of Bengal
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Tethys Sea
As the Indian plate moved north and pressed against the Eurasian plate, the sediments of the Tethys Sea between them were folded and uplifted to form the Himalaya.
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Q.126
The Chenab river is formed by the union of which two streams?
- A Chandra and Bhaga
- B Tunga and Bhadra
- C Bhagirathi and Alaknanda
- D Kaligandak and Trishulganga
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Chandra and Bhaga
The Chandra and Bhaga meet at Tandi near Keylong in Himachal Pradesh to form the Chenab (Chandrabhaga). The Tunga and Bhadra form the Tungabhadra, and the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda form the Ganga.
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Q.127
The Bhakra Nangal multipurpose project is built on which river?
- A Beas
- B Sutlej
- C Ravi
- D Chenab
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Sutlej
Bhakra dam on the Sutlej in Himachal Pradesh forms the Gobind Sagar reservoir. The Pong dam is on the Beas and the Ranjit Sagar (Thein) dam on the Ravi.
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Q.128
Amarkantak, the source region of the Narmada and the Son, lies in which hill range?
- A Aravalli range
- B Ajanta range
- C Maikal range
- D Nallamala range
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Maikal range
Amarkantak lies in the Maikal range of Madhya Pradesh, an eastern extension of the Satpura. From here the Narmada flows west and the Son flows towards the north-east.
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Q.129
Which of the following states does NOT share an international border with Myanmar?
- A Nagaland
- B Manipur
- C Assam
- D Mizoram
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Assam
Four states border Myanmar: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram. Assam borders Bhutan and Bangladesh but not Myanmar.
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Q.130
Which of the following hill ranges is NOT a part of the Purvanchal (the eastern hills of the Himalaya)?
- A Patkai Bum
- B Naga Hills
- C Mizo Hills
- D Garo Hills
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Garo Hills
The Purvanchal along India's eastern border includes the Patkai Bum, Naga and Mizo hills. The Garo hills, with the Khasi and Jaintia hills, form the Meghalaya plateau, which is a part of the Peninsular block.
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Q.131
Which water body separates the Andaman group of islands from the Nicobar group?
- A Eight Degree Channel
- B Ten Degree Channel
- C Nine Degree Channel
- D Palk Strait
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Ten Degree Channel
The Ten Degree Channel runs between Little Andaman and Car Nicobar along about 10 degrees N latitude. The Nine Degree and Eight Degree Channels are in the Arabian Sea, near Lakshadweep.
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Q.132
Consider the following statements: 1. The Western Ghats are continuous and can be crossed only through passes. 2. The Eastern Ghats are, on average, higher than the Western Ghats. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Only 1
The Western Ghats are continuous and higher, with an average elevation of 900-1,600 m against about 600 m for the Eastern Ghats, which are discontinuous and cut by rivers. So only statement 1 is correct.
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Q.133
Chilika, the largest brackish water lagoon in India, lies in which state?
- A Andhra Pradesh
- B Odisha
- C Kerala
- D Tamil Nadu
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Odisha
Chilika lagoon on the Odisha coast is a Ramsar site famous for migratory birds and Irrawaddy dolphins. Pulicat lies on the Andhra Pradesh-Tamil Nadu border and Vembanad in Kerala.
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Q.134
What is the main reason sugar mills have tended to shift towards Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu?
- A Cane there grows on the alluvial soils of the Ganga plain
- B Cane there is harvested only once in three years
- C Most cane there is sent raw to other states
- D Cane there has a higher sucrose content and the cooler climate gives a longer crushing season
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Cane there has a higher sucrose content and the cooler climate gives a longer crushing season
Cane from the peninsular states has more sucrose, and the milder climate lets mills crush for a longer season. Mills stay close to cane fields because cut cane quickly loses its sucrose.
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Q.135
India's longitudinal extent is about 30 degrees. What is the approximate difference in local time between the eastern edge of Arunachal Pradesh and the western edge of Gujarat?
- A About two hours
- B About one hour
- C About three hours
- D About five and a half hours
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) About two hours
The Earth turns through 1 degree of longitude in 4 minutes, so 30 degrees make a difference of about 120 minutes, or two hours. This is why a single standard meridian (82 degree 30 minutes E) is used for the whole country.
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Q.136
India's first nuclear power station, commissioned in 1969, is at Tarapur in
- A Maharashtra
- B Rajasthan
- C Tamil Nadu
- D Gujarat
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Maharashtra
Tarapur Atomic Power Station in Palghar district of Maharashtra was the first. Rawatbhata (Rajasthan), Kalpakkam (Tamil Nadu) and Kakrapar (Gujarat) came later.
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Q.137
Which river valley, spread over Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, is known for its badland topography of deep gullies called ravines?
- A Betwa
- B Mahi
- C Son
- D Chambal
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Chambal
The Chambal, which rises near Mhow on the Malwa plateau, has cut its soft alluvial banks into deep ravines, a classic example of gully erosion. Such badlands are unfit for cultivation.
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Q.138
Western Rajasthan receives very little rain from the Arabian Sea branch of the south-west monsoon mainly because
- A The Western Ghats absorb all the moisture of these winds
- B The Aravallis lie parallel to the direction of the monsoon winds
- C The region lies south of the Tropic of Cancer
- D These winds blow from land to sea in summer
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) The Aravallis lie parallel to the direction of the monsoon winds
The part of this branch that enters through Kachchh and Saurashtra moves along the Aravallis, which lie parallel to it and do not force the air to rise, so western Rajasthan gets only scanty rain.
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Q.139
According to the Census of 2011, which state had the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribes in its population?
- A Mizoram
- B Nagaland
- C Meghalaya
- D Arunachal Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Mizoram
Scheduled Tribes formed about 94.4 percent of Mizoram's population, the highest among states (the Union Territory of Lakshadweep was higher). Madhya Pradesh had the largest number of Scheduled Tribe people.
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Q.140
Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, known for its wild citrus species, is located in which state?
- A Meghalaya
- B Assam
- C Tripura
- D Nagaland
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Meghalaya
Nokrek, designated in 1988, lies in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya and protects Citrus indica, a wild ancestor of cultivated citrus fruits.
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Q.141
The older alluvium of the Northern Plains, lying above the flood level and often containing kankar nodules, is known as
- A Khadar
- B Terai
- C Bangar
- D Bhabar
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Bangar
Bangar is the older alluvium forming terraces above the flood plain. Khadar is the newer alluvium deposited every year by floods and is more fertile.
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Q.142
The Toda tribe, known for its barrel-vaulted huts and buffalo herding, lives in the
- A Aravalli hills
- B Garo hills
- C Chotanagpur plateau
- D Nilgiri hills
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Nilgiri hills
The Todas are a pastoral tribe of the Nilgiri hills of Tamil Nadu. The Garo hills are home to the Garos (Meghalaya), the Chotanagpur plateau to the Munda, Oraon and Santhal.
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Q.143
Which of the following states does NOT share a border with Nepal?
- A Sikkim
- B Uttarakhand
- C Himachal Pradesh
- D Bihar
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Himachal Pradesh
Five states border Nepal: Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim. Himachal Pradesh has an international border with China (Tibet) but not with Nepal.
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Q.144
The Krishnaraja Sagar dam near Mysuru, beside which the Brindavan Gardens lie, is built across which river?
- A Krishna
- B Tungabhadra
- C Penna
- D Kaveri
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Kaveri
Despite its name, Krishnaraja Sagar is on the Kaveri in Karnataka; it is named after the Mysore ruler Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV. The Tungabhadra dam is at Hosapete and the Almatti dam is on the Krishna.
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Q.145
Operation Flood, the programme behind India's White Revolution in milk, is associated with
- A M S Swaminathan
- B Tribhuvandas Patel
- C Durgabai Deshmukh
- D Verghese Kurien
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Verghese Kurien
Verghese Kurien, chairman of the National Dairy Development Board at Anand, launched Operation Flood in 1970 and is called the Father of the White Revolution.
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Q.146
Arrange the following confluences on the Alaknanda in the order in which they occur downstream: 1. Karnaprayag 2. Rudraprayag 3. Vishnuprayag 4. Nandprayag
- A 4, 3, 1, 2
- B 3, 1, 4, 2
- C 3, 4, 1, 2
- D 3, 4, 2, 1
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 3, 4, 1, 2
Going downstream, the Alaknanda meets the Dhauliganga at Vishnuprayag, the Nandakini at Nandprayag, the Pindar at Karnaprayag and the Mandakini at Rudraprayag, before joining the Bhagirathi at Devprayag.
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Q.147
The mainland of India extends between which latitudes?
- A 6 degree 45 minutes N and 37 degree 6 minutes N
- B 8 degree 4 minutes N and 35 degree 6 minutes N
- C 10 degree 4 minutes N and 32 degree 6 minutes N
- D 8 degree 4 minutes N and 37 degree 6 minutes N
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 8 degree 4 minutes N and 37 degree 6 minutes N
The mainland lies between 8 degree 4 minutes N and 37 degree 6 minutes N latitude. 6 degree 45 minutes N is the latitude of Indira Point on Great Nicobar, which is not part of the mainland.
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Q.148
The longitudinal valleys lying between the Lesser Himalaya and the Shivalik range are known as
- A Duars
- B Karewas
- C Duns
- D Margs
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Duns
These flat-floored valleys are called Duns; Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dun are well-known examples. Duars are the foothill plains of north Bengal and Assam.
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Q.149
The first jute mill in India was set up in 1855 at
- A Titagarh
- B Budge Budge
- C Rishra
- D Howrah
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Rishra
The mill at Rishra, on the Hugli near Kolkata, began the jute industry. Mills clustered along the Hugli because of nearby jute-growing areas, cheap water transport, abundant water and the port of Kolkata.
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Q.150
The Chotanagpur plateau, the eastward extension of the Peninsular plateau, is drained mainly by which river that flows through a rift valley?
- A Betwa
- B Damodar
- C Ken
- D Chambal
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Damodar
The Damodar occupies the eastern margin of the Chotanagpur plateau, flows through a coal-bearing rift valley and joins the Hugli. The Betwa, Ken and Chambal drain the Central Highlands.
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How these questions were made
Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.