Pariksha SaathiPedagogy
CTET Language Pedagogy (Hindi and English) MCQ with Answers
688 practice questions on Language Pedagogy (Language I and II) for CTET Language I and Language II, with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.151
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
When word reached Joseph the carpenter that his neighbour's daughter was expecting her first child, he went to the back of his workshop and brought out a plank of teak he had been saving for eleven years. For a month he worked on it in the evenings, after his paid orders were done. He shaped the sides of the cradle into gentle curves, fitted them without a single nail, and rubbed the wood with oil until it shone like dark honey. He carved a row of small elephants along the headboard and sanded each one so that no tiny finger could ever catch a splinter. When the neighbour asked what she owed him, he looked offended and went back to his workshop.
Why did Joseph look offended when the neighbour asked what she owed him?
- A He thought she was offering him too little money
- B He had made the cradle as a gift, not for payment
- C He was not happy with how the cradle had turned out
- D He had wanted to keep the teak plank for himself
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) He had made the cradle as a gift, not for payment
He worked on the cradle 'after his paid orders were done', using teak saved for eleven years, so it was a gift and the talk of payment hurt him.
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Q.152
When is the best time to share a writing rubric with Class VII students?
- A Only after the marks are given, so that students can see why they lost marks
- B Never, because it is meant only for teachers
- C Before they start writing, so that they know what good work looks like
- D At the end of the year, along with the report card
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Before they start writing, so that they know what good work looks like
Shared in advance, a rubric makes expectations clear and lets students plan and check their own work against it. Keeping it from students turns assessment into guesswork.
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Q.153
A three-year-old says 'I want juice' and 'More biscuit' to get the things she needs. In Halliday's classification, she is using which function of language?
- A Heuristic
- B Imaginative
- C Personal
- D Instrumental
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Instrumental
Halliday's instrumental function ('I want') is the use of language to satisfy needs and get things done. The heuristic function is for exploring and finding out, the imaginative for pretend worlds and the personal for expressing oneself.
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Q.154
In the SQ3R technique for reading and studying a text, the five steps are:
- A Skim, Question, Read, Rewrite, Revise
- B Scan, Quote, Read, Repeat, Recall
- C Summarise, Question, Reflect, Read, Review
- D Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review
SQ3R asks the reader to survey the text, turn headings into questions, read to answer them, recite the answers in their own words and then review. It makes reading active and purposeful.
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Q.155
Consider the following statements. 1. Sign languages, such as Indian Sign Language, are full languages with their own grammar. 2. Deaf children exposed to a sign language from birth reach language milestones comparable to those of hearing children learning speech. Which is/are correct?
- A Only statement 1 is correct
- B Only statement 2 is correct
- C Both are correct
- D Neither is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both are correct
Sign languages have their own vocabulary and grammar and are not mere gestures for spoken words, and children who meet them early acquire them on a timetable similar to that of spoken language. This shows that the human capacity for language is not limited to speech, and why early access to sign language matters for deaf children.
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Q.156
In the Indian tradition of literary criticism, which form of literature is called दृश्य काव्य ('literature to be seen')?
- A Lyric poetry (गीति काव्य)
- B Drama (नाटक)
- C The novel (उपन्यास)
- D The essay (निबंध)
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Drama (नाटक)
Drama is दृश्य काव्य because its full effect comes when it is staged and watched, while poetry and prose meant to be heard or read are श्रव्य काव्य. This is why a play is best taught by having it voiced and acted.
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Q.157
Remedial teaching in language is most effective when it:
- A Repeats the whole syllabus for the entire class at a faster pace before the examination
- B Is based on a diagnosis of each learner's specific difficulties and targets them
- C Is given only to students who have failed the final examination, in the summer break
- D Consists of extra homework on all topics
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Is based on a diagnosis of each learner's specific difficulties and targets them
Remedial teaching follows diagnostic assessment and addresses the identified weakness of individual learners or small groups. Blanket repetition or extra homework does not target the specific gap.
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Q.158
A teacher sits with one student for a few minutes, asks her what she wants to say in her story, and suggests how she could develop it further. This is known as a:
- A Dictation session
- B Viva voce examination
- C Writing conference
- D Remedial drill
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Writing conference
A writing conference is a short one-to-one conversation about a draft in progress, in which the teacher responds as a reader and helps the writer decide the next steps. It is part of process writing, not a test.
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Q.159
A grammar that records how speakers of a language actually use it, without judging any usage as right or wrong, is called a:
- A Prescriptive grammar
- B Traditional school grammar
- C Descriptive grammar
- D Universal grammar
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Descriptive grammar
Descriptive grammar describes real usage, while prescriptive grammar lays down rules about what is considered 'correct'. Modern linguistics takes the descriptive view, which also helps a teacher respect the varieties children bring to class.
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Q.160
A teacher adds to her class library stories in which a child who uses a wheelchair, or a girl who is blind, is the clever, active hero. Which is the strongest reason for this choice?
- A Such stories are usually shorter and easier for weak readers
- B Stories can challenge stereotypes and help every child feel seen and valued
- C Such stories are needed only when a child with a disability is actually in the class
- D They teach children to pity people with disabilities and to help them out of kindness
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Stories can challenge stereotypes and help every child feel seen and valued
Literature shapes how children see themselves and others; capable characters with disabilities counter stereotypes and support an inclusive classroom culture. Such books benefit all children, not only those with disabilities, and pity is the opposite of the aim.
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Q.161
A Class VII teacher teaches the supplementary reader An Alien Hand page by page like the main textbook, explaining every line and setting a test on each story. According to the note at the start of the book, what is its main objective?
- A To build the habit of reading independently with interest and enjoyment
- B To give extra practice in the grammar items already taught in Honeycomb
- C To provide more unseen passages for written tests and term examinations
- D To replace the main textbook, Honeycomb, for weaker readers
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) To build the habit of reading independently with interest and enjoyment
The book says its main objective is to promote the habit of reading independently with interest, understanding and enjoyment; learners are not to expect it to be taken up page by page in class, but to read it on their own and then share responses through discussion, questions and even role-play.
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Q.162
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
In our lane, summer did not truly begin until we heard Mangal's bell. He came at about four every afternoon, pushing a red wooden cart with a big clay pot in the middle, wrapped in wet sacking to keep the cold inside. In the pot, packed in ice and salt, stood the metal cones of kulfi. Mangal never shouted. He simply rang his brass bell three times at the corner, and doors flew open all along the lane. He cut each kulfi into slices on a leaf with a quick stroke of his knife and sprinkled a pinch of chopped pistachio on top. Children who had no money were sometimes handed the broken end pieces 'for tasting', and nobody ever saw him take them back.
How did Mangal keep the kulfi cold?
- A By selling it only in the cool early morning
- B By parking his cart in the shade of trees
- C In ice and salt inside a wrapped clay pot
- D In a metal box with a tight-fitting lid
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) In ice and salt inside a wrapped clay pot
The kulfi stood 'packed in ice and salt' in a clay pot 'wrapped in wet sacking to keep the cold inside'.
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Q.163
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
We often notice a tree only when it is gone. A street that was shady and cool becomes a strip of glaring heat; the birds that woke us each morning find somewhere else to sing. A single grown tree gives shade to people and animals, shelters dozens of birds and insects, cools the air around it and holds the soil with its roots. Its fallen leaves feed the earth, and its flowers and fruit feed creatures large and small. It asks for nothing in return except to be left standing. Planting a sapling and caring for it until it can look after itself is one of the most generous things a person can do, for its gifts will outlast the one who planted it.
The writer's attitude towards trees can best be described as one of
- A annoyance at the mess they make
- B deep admiration and gratitude
- C doubt about their real usefulness
- D indifference towards their fate
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) deep admiration and gratitude
The writer lists the tree's many gifts, says 'It asks for nothing in return', and calls planting one 'one of the most generous things a person can do'.
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Q.164
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
When we admire a tree, we look at its trunk, branches and flowers, and seldom think about the part we cannot see. Yet below the ground lies a network of roots that often spreads as wide as the tree's crown above. These roots do two jobs. They draw water and minerals from the soil, and they grip the earth so firmly that even a strong storm finds it hard to pull the tree down. The finest roots, thinner than a hair, do most of the drinking. Few of them grow close to the trunk, where the roots are thick and woody; most lie near the surface, farther out. This is why gardeners water a large tree not at the foot of its trunk but in a wide ring beneath the tips of its branches.
Why, according to the passage, do gardeners water a large tree in a wide ring rather than at its trunk?
- A The fine roots that do most of the drinking lie there
- B Watering near the trunk would loosen the tree's grip on the soil
- C The tree's crown is much narrower than its roots
- D Minerals in the soil are found only near the trunk
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) The fine roots that do most of the drinking lie there
The finest roots 'do most of the drinking', few of them grow 'close to the trunk' and most lie 'farther out'; the passage then says, 'This is why gardeners water a large tree ... in a wide ring'.
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Q.165
In the National Curriculum Framework for the Foundational Stage (2022), which follows NEP 2020, the term 'R1' refers to:
- A The first reading textbook a child is given in Grade 1 at school
- B The first foreign language a child studies at school
- C The language a child first learns to read and write in
- D The first and lowest level of a reading assessment scale
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) The language a child first learns to read and write in
NCF-FS defines R1 as the language in which a child first learns to read and write, and R2 and R3 as the second and third such languages. R1 should preferably be the child's home language (L1) wherever possible, which puts NEP 2020's emphasis on the home language into practice.
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Q.166
After reading a story in which a boy gives his only umbrella to an old woman in the rain, the teacher asks, 'Why do you think the boy did not wait for the rain to stop?' This is an example of a/an:
- A Literal (surface) comprehension question
- B Factual recall question
- C Dictation question
- D Inferential comprehension question
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Inferential comprehension question
The answer is not stated directly in the text; the reader must infer the boy's motive from clues. Literal questions ask for information explicitly given, and evaluative questions ask for judgement or personal response.
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Q.167
Many Hindi-speaking learners say 'iskool' for 'school' and 'istation' for 'station'. This is best explained as:
- A Over-generalisation of an English spelling rule to new words
- B A hearing problem that needs medical attention and regular speech therapy
- C Influence of the sound pattern of the first language (L1 transfer)
- D Fossilisation caused by too little speaking practice in the classroom
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Influence of the sound pattern of the first language (L1 transfer)
In the everyday speech of many Hindi speakers a vowel is added before word-initial clusters such as 'sk' and 'st', and this sound pattern is carried into English; it is transfer from the first language. It is not over-generalisation of an English rule or a hearing defect.
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Q.168
After a science experiment, a Class VI teacher asks students to write in their own words what they did, what they saw and what they think it means, instead of copying the textbook definition. In the light of language across the curriculum, the main value of this is that:
- A It helps them clarify and build their understanding of the concept
- B It improves their handwriting and the neatness of their science notebooks
- C It reduces the time needed for the experiment
- D It prepares them to memorise definitions word for word for the test
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) It helps them clarify and build their understanding of the concept
Putting an idea into one's own words forces the learner to organise it, so writing becomes a tool for learning science, not just for recording it. A definition can be copied without any understanding.
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Q.169
A Class II teacher wants to develop her pupils' listening skills. Which activity would be most effective?
- A Asking children to sit silently and attentively while she reads the lesson aloud twice
- B Telling a story and asking children to arrange picture cards in the order of events
- C Making children copy the story neatly from the blackboard into their notebooks
- D Asking children to recite the whole alphabet together in chorus
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Telling a story and asking children to arrange picture cards in the order of events
Listening develops when children listen with a purpose and do something that shows they have understood, such as sequencing pictures. Sitting silently gives no purpose and no evidence of understanding, and copying is a writing task.
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Q.170
A Class VII Hindi teacher always teaches grammar by the deductive method (निगमन विधि): she states the rule and its definition, gives a few examples and then sets exercises. What is the main limitation of relying only on this method?
- A It takes far more class time than any other method of teaching grammar
- B Children tend to memorise rules without understanding and remain passive
- C It cannot be used to teach the grammar of Hindi or other Indian languages
- D It needs costly teaching aids that most schools do not have
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Children tend to memorise rules without understanding and remain passive
In the deductive method the rule comes ready-made from the teacher, so children often learn it by rote and do little thinking of their own. The method is in fact quick; taking more time is a limitation of the inductive method, not of this one.
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Q.171
QR codes printed in NCERT and many state textbooks can be scanned with a phone to open related videos, explanations and exercises. On which national platform is this digital content hosted?
- A SWAYAM
- B UDISE+
- C DIKSHA
- D NISHTHA
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) DIKSHA
DIKSHA, the national digital platform for school education, hosts the content linked to QR-coded 'energised' textbooks. SWAYAM offers online courses, UDISE+ is a school data system and NISHTHA is a teacher-training programme (whose online courses are themselves offered on DIKSHA), not a content platform.
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Q.172
A teacher evaluating students' essays uses a chart that lists criteria such as content, organisation, vocabulary and grammar, with descriptions of performance at four levels for each. This tool is called a:
- A Checklist
- B Anecdotal record
- C Rating scale
- D Rubric
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Correct answer: (D) Rubric
A rubric specifies criteria and describes levels of performance for each, making assessment transparent and consistent. A checklist only notes presence or absence of features without describing quality levels.
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Q.173
According to the RTE Act 2009, the academic authority, while laying down the curriculum and evaluation procedure, must take into consideration comprehensive and continuous evaluation of the child's:
- A Ability to reproduce textbook answers from memory
- B Rank in class compared with classmates
- C Performance in a single annual examination at the end of the year
- D Understanding of knowledge and ability to apply it
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Understanding of knowledge and ability to apply it
Section 29(2)(h) of the RTE Act asks the academic authority to take into consideration comprehensive and continuous evaluation of the child's understanding of knowledge and his or her ability to apply the same. In language, this means assessing comprehension and use rather than memorised answers.
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Q.174
Which of the following classroom activities is most consistent with communicative language teaching (CLT)?
- A Students memorise a list of irregular verbs and recite it aloud to the teacher in turn
- B Students copy a model paragraph from the blackboard and underline the new words
- C Pairs ask each other questions to fill gaps in two different versions of a bus timetable
- D Students translate a passage from English into their mother tongue and compare answers
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Pairs ask each other questions to fill gaps in two different versions of a bus timetable
An information-gap activity requires genuine communication to complete a task, which is the essence of CLT. The other activities are mechanical and do not involve exchange of meaning.
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Q.175
A teacher asks students to listen to a short news clip, discuss it in groups, read a related article and then write a letter to the editor. This lesson illustrates:
- A Teaching the four skills in strict isolation
- B The grammar-translation method
- C Exclusive focus on grammatical accuracy alone
- D Integration of the four language skills
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Integration of the four language skills
Listening, speaking, reading and writing are used together around one theme, as in real communication. Integrated skills teaching is preferred over teaching each skill in separate, unrelated periods.
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Q.176
Which of the following is an example of formative assessment in a language class?
- A The teacher observes a group discussion and gives feedback on students' turn-taking
- B The annual examination that decides promotion to the next class, held every March
- C A board examination at the end of Class X that certifies attainment
- D A certificate test conducted by an external agency to rank students across many schools
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) The teacher observes a group discussion and gives feedback on students' turn-taking
Formative assessment takes place during learning and provides feedback to improve it. Summative assessment, represented by the other options, measures achievement at the end of a course.
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Q.177
Noam Chomsky's 1959 review, often seen as a turning point against the behaviourist account of language, was a critique of which work?
- A Jean Piaget's The Language and Thought of the Child
- B B.F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior
- C Lev Vygotsky's Thought and Language
- D Eric Lenneberg's Biological Foundations of Language
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) B.F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior
In 1959 Chomsky reviewed Skinner's Verbal Behavior (1957) and argued that imitation and reinforcement cannot explain how children produce and understand sentences they have never heard. The other books present cognitive, social and biological views of language, not behaviourism.
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Q.178
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
The skeleton is the body's frame. Without it we would collapse like a tent without poles. Bones support our weight, protect soft organs such as the brain, heart and lungs, and work with muscles to let us move. Though bones look hard and lifeless, they are living parts of the body that grow and repair themselves; a broken bone, properly set, can knit together again. To grow strong, bones need calcium, which is found in milk, curd, green leafy vegetables and some pulses, and they also need regular exercise. Running and jumping put healthy stress on bones, and they respond by becoming thicker and stronger.
According to the passage, what happens when running and jumping put healthy stress on bones?
- A They break easily and have to be set
- B They lose much of their stored calcium
- C They become thicker and stronger
- D They stop growing altogether
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) They become thicker and stronger
'Running and jumping put healthy stress on bones, and they respond by becoming thicker and stronger.'
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Q.179
Consider the following statements about grouping in a multilevel language class. 1. Groups should be fixed for the whole year on the basis of a test at the start. 2. Children may be grouped by level for some tasks and in mixed-ability groups for others. 3. In mixed-ability groups, stronger and weaker readers can learn from each other. Which are correct?
- A Only 1 and 2
- B Only 2 and 3
- C Only 1 and 3
- D 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Only 2 and 3
Flexible grouping changes with the purpose of the task, so children are not locked into a label, and mixed groups allow peer learning. Fixed year-long groups based on one test harden differences, so statement 1 is wrong.
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Q.180
Dictation, as a classroom technique, mainly assesses which combination of abilities?
- A Creative writing, imagination and originality
- B Listening comprehension, spelling and punctuation
- C Oral fluency, pronunciation and intonation
- D Reading speed, skimming and scanning
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Listening comprehension, spelling and punctuation
In dictation the learner listens, holds the chunk in memory and writes it accurately, so it tests listening, spelling, punctuation and knowledge of word boundaries. It does not test creativity or speaking.
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Q.181
The main aim of teaching poetry at the primary level is to:
- A Help children enjoy the rhythm, sounds and imagery of language
- B Make children memorise the poem and its paraphrase for examinations
- C Teach the grammatical structures used in the poem
- D Extract a moral lesson from every poem
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Help children enjoy the rhythm, sounds and imagery of language
Poetry is taught for appreciation, enjoyment and emotional response, through recitation, rhythm and imagery. Treating it as a vehicle for grammar or morals or forcing paraphrase destroys its purpose.
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Q.182
To help children remember silent letters, a teacher pairs 'sign' with 'signature', 'bomb' with 'bombard' and 'muscle' with 'muscular'. What is the point of these pairs?
- A The second word in each pair is simply the correct, modern spelling of the first
- B The pairs are minimal pairs that differ in only one sound
- C The pairs prove that silent letters are old spelling mistakes that should be dropped
- D The silent letter is sounded in the related word, linking the two spellings
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) The silent letter is sounded in the related word, linking the two spellings
A silent letter often keeps a word's spelling in line with related words in which that letter is pronounced: the g in 'signature', the b in 'bombard', the c in 'muscular'. Showing the link makes the letter meaningful instead of random.
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Q.183
The हल् चिह्न (्) written below a consonant, as in 'पश्चात्' (after) or 'अर्थात्' (that is), shows that the consonant is:
- A Pronounced with a long आ
- B Silent, and so not pronounced at all in the word
- C Nasalised
- D Pronounced without its inherent vowel अ
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Pronounced without its inherent vowel अ
A Devanagari consonant normally carries an inherent अ; the हल् चिह्न removes it, so त् in पश्चात् is a bare consonant. The consonant is still pronounced, which rules out 'silent'. The Central Hindi Directorate standard keeps this sign in Sanskrit indeclinables such as पश्चात् and अर्थात् but not at the end of ordinary Hindi words such as महान and जगत.
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Q.184
In ordinary spoken English, how does the voice usually move at the end of 'Are you coming?' and of 'Where are you going?'
- A It rises in both
- B It falls in both
- C It usually falls in the yes/no question and rises in the wh-question
- D It usually rises in the yes/no question and falls in the wh-question
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) It usually rises in the yes/no question and falls in the wh-question
As a general tendency, yes/no questions end on a rising tone and wh-questions, like statements, on a falling tone; attitude can change this, so it is a tendency rather than a fixed rule. Children pick up such patterns best by hearing and imitating natural dialogues.
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Q.185
In Jane Willis's framework for task-based learning, what is the correct sequence of phases?
- A Pre-task, task cycle (task, planning, report), language focus
- B Language focus, then the task cycle (task, planning, report), and finally the pre-task
- C Presentation, practice, production
- D Task cycle, then the pre-task, then language focus
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Pre-task, task cycle (task, planning, report), language focus
Willis places attention to language form at the end, after learners have used their own resources to complete the task and report on it. Presentation-practice-production is the opposite, form-first sequence.
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Q.186
During an accuracy practice, a Class V child says, 'Yesterday she go to the market.' She has used 'went' correctly many times before. Which teacher response best prompts her to correct herself?
- A 'No, that is wrong. Say: she went.'
- B 'Oh, she went to the market! What did she buy?'
- C 'Yesterday she...?' (pausing with a questioning look)
- D Ignoring it and moving on quickly to the next child's turn
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 'Yesterday she...?' (pausing with a questioning look)
Since the child already knows 'went', this is a mistake rather than an error, so an elicitation that pauses for her to finish lets her retrieve the form herself. Explicit correction and a recast hand her the answer, and ignoring it misses the point of an accuracy activity.
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Q.187
Why is इ written as a full letter in 'इमली' (tamarind) but as the sign ि in 'किताब' (book)?
- A A vowel is written in full at the start of a word or after a vowel, as a मात्रा after a consonant
- B Full letters are used only in short words of three letters or fewer, and signs in longer words
- C The full letter stands for a longer, stressed sound than the मात्रा, which is said lightly
- D The full form is used only in the names of fruits and plants
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) A vowel is written in full at the start of a word or after a vowel, as a मात्रा after a consonant
Each vowel except अ has a full form (स्वर) and a sign (मात्रा); the sign attaches to a consonant, while the full form is used at the start of a word or after another vowel, as in इमली or कई. Making this explicit helps beginners connect the two forms of the same vowel.
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Q.188
NCERT's position paper on teaching English says that learners starting English in Class I or Class IV may be 'babies' in the new language, but cognitively they are children, not toddlers. What follows for the teacher?
- A Design tasks that use their existing knowledge, reasoning and languages
- B Use only baby talk and nursery content with them
- C Give them no English at all until they are much older
- D Teach them exactly as infants learn a first language, using no other language
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Design tasks that use their existing knowledge, reasoning and languages
The paper argues that failing to use learners' existing cognitive and linguistic resources, such as conjecture, gesture, numeracy and the mother tongue, wastes a resource and alienates them. Basic English does not call for childish content or tasks.
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Q.189
Consider the following statements about building the reading habit. 1. Children should be allowed to choose at least some of the books they read. 2. Children should read only books at or above their grade level, never easier ones. 3. Re-reading a favourite book wastes time that could be spent on new books. Which is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 1 and 2
- C Only 2 and 3
- D 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Only 1
Choice gives children ownership of their reading, and easy books and favourite re-reads build fluency, confidence and pleasure. Statements 2 and 3 would make reading a chore and discourage struggling readers.
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Q.190
A Class VI student writes, 'On Sunday we went to the mela and ate hot chapatis.' A colleague wants 'mela' marked as an error because it is 'not English'. Which view fits NCERT's position paper on teaching English?
- A Mark it wrong, since only words of British origin count as correct, standard English
- B Ask the student to write 'mela' in Devanagari, since it is a Hindi word
- C Accept it; words commonly used in English in India need not be kept out of class
- D Remove the sentence, since it mixes two cultures and two languages in a single text
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Accept it; words commonly used in English in India need not be kept out of class
The paper notes that a language's vocabulary grows richer by borrowing, that standard dictionaries carry supplements of words commonly used in English in India, and that there is no reason to keep these words out of the classroom. 'Mela' itself is an entry in standard dictionaries such as the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, labelled Indian English.
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Q.191
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
It is pleasant to have friends who agree with everything we say and praise everything we do. But such friends, however charming, may not be the most valuable. A true friend cares enough to be honest. She will tell us, gently and in private, when we have been unkind or careless, even if it makes us cross with her for a while. Flattery costs nothing and helps no one, while honest advice risks the friendship for the sake of the friend. This does not mean that a good friend is always finding fault; she also notices and celebrates what we do well. The friends worth keeping are those who want us to be our best selves.
The writer believes that a true friend is one who
- A agrees with everything we say and do
- B points out all our faults in front of other people
- C is honest with us even when it is uncomfortable
- D is forever finding fault with us
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) is honest with us even when it is uncomfortable
'A true friend cares enough to be honest', telling us 'gently and in private' when we are wrong; the writer adds that a good friend is not 'always finding fault'.
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Q.192
In a class of 70, a teacher spends most of every language period on choral repetition of words and sentences. What is the main limitation of relying on this?
- A Children never get to hear a correct model of pronunciation from the teacher at all
- B It needs costly equipment such as recorders and speakers
- C Children get too much individual speaking time and become noisy and restless
- D Individual problems stay hidden, and children may repeat without understanding
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Individual problems stay hidden, and children may repeat without understanding
Choral work gives safe practice, but individual difficulties are hidden in the chorus and repetition can become mechanical. It should be balanced with pair work and individual checks.
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Q.193
A teacher finds that she talks for about 80 per cent of her Class VI English period. Which of the following would NOT help her move towards the role of a facilitator?
- A Planning pair and group tasks in which every student must talk
- B Asking open questions that invite students' own ideas and opinions
- C Giving students a minute to plan before they speak
- D Explaining each point at greater length so that nothing is missed
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Correct answer: (D) Explaining each point at greater length so that nothing is missed
A facilitator creates chances for learners to use the language, through tasks, open questions and planning time. Longer explanations only add to teacher talk and keep the teacher at the centre of the lesson.
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Q.194
At the end of a lesson on writing invitations, each student writes on a slip one thing she learnt and one question she still has, and hands it in. The teacher's main use of these exit slips is to:
- A Give each student marks for the end-of-term report card
- B Rank the students in order of how much each of them has learnt so far
- C Plan the next lesson around what students have not yet understood
- D Check the students' handwriting and spelling
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Correct answer: (C) Plan the next lesson around what students have not yet understood
Exit slips are a quick formative check that tells the teacher, before the next lesson, who has understood and what needs revisiting. They are tools for adjusting teaching, not for grading.
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Q.195
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
On the green slopes of the tea estate, the day begins with a siren at seven. Lines of women climb the narrow paths between the bushes, each with a long cane basket hanging down her back from a band across her forehead. They pluck only the top two leaves and a bud from each shoot, their fingers moving so fast that the eye can hardly follow. Every few minutes a handful is tossed over the shoulder into the basket without a glance. Mist drifts across the slope and clears again. At noon the baskets are weighed at the shed, and the women sit in the shade of the tall trees, sharing food and teasing each other, until the siren calls them back to the hillside.
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
- A How Tea Is Processed in the Factories
- B Lunch Under the Tall Trees
- C The Tea Pluckers of the Hillside
- D The Misty Hills of North-East India
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Correct answer: (C) The Tea Pluckers of the Hillside
The passage follows the women plucking 'the top two leaves and a bud' on the slopes from the morning siren to the noon break; lunch is only one moment in it.
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Q.196
Which of the following is NOT an example of authentic material for a language class?
- A A railway ticket showing the train's number, time and fare
- B The menu card of a local restaurant, with prices
- C An advertisement cut out of a local newspaper or magazine
- D A grammar exercise written specially for the textbook
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A grammar exercise written specially for the textbook
Authentic materials are real-life texts produced for ordinary communication, not for language teaching, so they show language as it is actually used. A textbook exercise is created specifically for teaching.
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Q.197
Children in a Class III class in Jharkhand speak Kurukh at home, but the science textbook is available only in Hindi. In line with NEP 2020, the teacher should:
- A Use only Hindi in class, because the textbook and the examination are both in Hindi
- B Postpone science until the children become fluent in Hindi
- C Ask the children to translate the whole textbook into Kurukh at home with their parents' help
- D Use Kurukh wherever possible for classroom talk and explanation, alongside the Hindi textbook
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Use Kurukh wherever possible for classroom talk and explanation, alongside the Hindi textbook
NEP 2020 says that where textbook material in the home language is not available, the language of transaction between teachers and students should still remain the home language wherever possible.
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Q.198
Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
Not all useful technology is new or complicated. The bicycle, invented well over a century ago, remains one of the most efficient machines ever made. It needs no fuel except the rider's own energy, makes no smoke or noise, and can be repaired with a few simple tools. In villages it carries milk to the dairy, children to school and goods to the market. In crowded cities it slips through traffic that leaves cars standing still. Because it is cheap to buy and to keep, it gives freedom of movement to people who could never afford a motor vehicle. It is a reminder that the best technology is often the kind that serves the most people simply.
In the last sentence of the passage, the word 'It' refers to
- A a motor vehicle
- B the bicycle
- C new and complicated technology
- D a crowded city
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) the bicycle
The whole passage is about the bicycle, and the last sentence, 'It is a reminder that the best technology ... serves the most people simply', continues to speak of it.
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Q.199
NCERT's position paper on teaching English notes that the 'a' sound stays consistent in groups like cat, rat, mat; car, far, star; ball, hall, call. Which approach does it say significantly reduces the arbitrariness of English spelling?
- A A modified phonic approach through rhyming letter chunks
- B Reciting the names of the 26 letters in order
- C Learning the spelling of each word separately by rote, word by word
- D Postponing reading until all the spelling rules of English are known
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) A modified phonic approach through rhyming letter chunks
The paper states that a modified phonic approach via rhyming letter chunks (citing Goswami) significantly reduces the arbitrariness of English spelling, since chunks such as -at, -ar and -all are pronounced consistently. It recommends combining such bottom-up work with top-down story reading.
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Q.200
The term 'communicative competence', which became the goal of communicative language teaching, was introduced by:
- A Dell Hymes
- B Noam Chomsky
- C Michael West
- D Harold Palmer
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Dell Hymes
Dell Hymes argued that knowing a language means knowing not only its grammar, as in Chomsky's 'competence', but also how to use it appropriately in social situations. This idea of communicative competence underlies CLT.
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How these questions were made
Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.