Pariksha SaathiPedagogy
CTET Social Studies (SST) MCQ with Answers, Paper 2
756 practice questions on Social Studies and its Pedagogy (Paper II) for CTET Paper II (Social Studies/Social Science), with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.351
James Mill's division of Indian history into 'Hindu', 'Muslim' and 'British' periods is criticised by historians mainly because it:
- A Characterises whole periods by the religion of rulers and treats communities as homogeneous, ignoring diversity
- B Covers too long a span of time
- C Has too few periods to be useful
- D Leaves out the British period altogether
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Characterises whole periods by the religion of rulers and treats communities as homogeneous, ignoring diversity
Mill's periodisation assumes religion was the only basis of history and that all Hindus or all Muslims shared the same interests and culture. Modern periodisation (ancient, medieval, modern) is also debated, but avoids this religious labelling.
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Q.352
The northernmost range of the Himalayas, which has the world's highest peaks and is covered with snow, is called:
- A Himadri
- B Himachal
- C Shiwaliks
- D Purvanchal
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Himadri
The Himalayas have three parallel ranges: the northernmost Great Himalaya or Himadri with the highest peaks, the Middle Himalaya or Himachal with many hill stations, and the southernmost Shiwaliks. Purvanchal is the name of the hills along India's eastern border.
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Q.353
Under Article 22 of the Constitution and criminal law, which of the following is NOT a right of a person who has been arrested?
- A To be informed of the grounds of arrest
- B To consult and be defended by a lawyer of his or her choice
- C To be released without trial on simply denying the charge
- D To be produced before the nearest magistrate within 24 hours of arrest
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) To be released without trial on simply denying the charge
An arrested person must be told the grounds of arrest, may consult and be defended by a lawyer of choice, and must be produced before the nearest magistrate within 24 hours (excluding travel time). Denying the charge does not entitle anyone to release without trial; guilt is decided by the court.
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Q.354
From the Earth we always see only one side of the Moon. Why?
- A The Moon does not spin on its axis at all
- B The Moon takes about the same time to spin once as to go round the Earth once
- C The other side of the Moon always lies in the Earth's shadow
- D The Moon goes round the Earth only once in a year
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) The Moon takes about the same time to spin once as to go round the Earth once
The Moon goes round the Earth in about 27 days and takes about the same time to complete one spin, so the same face always points towards the Earth. It does spin, so the first option is wrong, and its far side is not permanently in shadow.
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Q.355
Students complete a project on water sources in their locality. The most appropriate way to evaluate this project is to assess:
- A Only the final written report
- B Both the process and the product, using a rubric that covers planning, data collection, analysis, presentation and teamwork
- C Only the oral presentation on the last day
- D Only the neatness and decoration of the project file
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Both the process and the product, using a rubric that covers planning, data collection, analysis, presentation and teamwork
Project work is meant to develop enquiry skills, so evaluation must look at how the students planned, collected and interpreted data and worked together, not merely at the finished file. A rubric makes the criteria transparent.
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Q.356
Chola bronze images are among the finest in the world. They were made by shaping an image in wax, covering it with clay, heating it so that the wax melted out, and pouring molten metal into the hollow mould. This method is called the:
- A lost-wax technique
- B trabeate technique
- C pietra dura technique
- D interlocking technique
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) lost-wax technique
In the lost-wax technique, the wax model melts away through a hole in the clay covering and the hollow is filled with molten metal; when the metal cools, the clay is removed to reveal the image. Bronze images, mostly of deities, were made in this way.
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Q.357
A history teacher asks, 'What changes did the introduction of railways bring about in the economy and society of colonial India?' The teacher is mainly developing the skill of:
- A Memorisation of dates
- B Reading map symbols
- C Reasoning about cause and effect
- D Drawing historical monuments
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Reasoning about cause and effect
Asking about consequences and changes brought by an event trains learners to link causes with effects, a core historical thinking skill, instead of recalling the year the railway opened.
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Q.358
Which of the following is NOT one of the main raw materials of the iron and steel industry?
- A Iron ore
- B Coal
- C Limestone
- D Bauxite
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Bauxite
Iron ore, coal and limestone, along with manganese, are the main raw materials for making steel. Bauxite is the ore of aluminium.
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Q.359
On the basis of raw materials, which of the following is a forest-based industry?
- A Dairy
- B Pulp and paper
- C Iron and steel
- D Fish oil
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Pulp and paper
Forest-based industries use forest produce as raw material, for example pulp and paper, furniture and some pharmaceuticals. Dairy is agro-based, iron and steel is mineral-based, and fish oil is marine-based.
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Q.360
In each Mughal province, the governor (subadar) was supported by other officers. Match them with their roles: A. Diwan B. Bakhshi C. Sadr D. Kotwal; 1. Financial officer 2. Military paymaster 3. Town police commander 4. In charge of religious and charitable patronage
- A A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
- B A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
- C A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
- D A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
Under the subadar, the diwan handled finance, the bakhshi was the military paymaster, the sadr was in charge of religious and charitable patronage, faujdars were military commanders and the kotwal commanded the town police. These officers kept each province under imperial control.
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Q.361
A school elects a student council through secret ballot and lets students frame the class rules together. From the viewpoint of civics teaching, this mainly helps children to:
- A Experience democracy as a lived practice rather than a chapter to memorise
- B Maintain discipline through fear of punishment
- C Compete with each other for positions
- D Learn the Articles of the Constitution by heart
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Experience democracy as a lived practice rather than a chapter to memorise
NCF 2005 stresses that democratic values are learnt by living them; a school that functions as a democratic space, with participation, elections and shared rule-making, teaches civics far better than textbook definitions.
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Q.362
Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar used ancient texts to argue that widows could remarry. British officials adopted his suggestion and passed a law permitting widow remarriage in:
- A 1829
- B 1856
- C 1872
- D 1929
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) 1856
The law permitting widow remarriage was passed in 1856. Sati had been banned in 1829, and the Child Marriage Restraint Act was passed in 1929.
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Q.363
Class 7 students analyse television advertisements to find the techniques used to persuade buyers, such as brand images and emotional appeals. This activity mainly develops:
- A Skills needed to design and sell commercial products
- B Loyalty towards well-known brands and their products
- C The ability to remember advertising jingles and slogans
- D Critical media literacy and the ability to question persuasive messages
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Critical media literacy and the ability to question persuasive messages
Learning how advertisements build brand images and play on emotions helps students make informed choices and see the links between advertising, markets and democracy, instead of being swayed by persuasive messages.
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Q.364
In the Olga Tellis case (1985), about the eviction of pavement and slum dwellers in Bombay, the Supreme Court held that:
- A The right to livelihood is part of the right to life
- B Pavement dwellers have no right to stay in any city
- C The right to property is a Fundamental Right
- D Municipal bodies can never remove encroachments
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) The right to livelihood is part of the right to life
The Court held that the right to livelihood is part of the right to life under Article 21, since pavement dwellers lived there to be near their work. It did not say that encroachments can never be removed; it recognised the link between shelter, work and life.
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Q.365
Tipu Sultan's sword had an extremely hard, sharp edge with a flowing water pattern. It was made of wootz steel, a word that comes from the Kannada 'ukku', meaning steel. What gave the steel its pattern?
- A A coating of copper applied after forging
- B Gold wire inlaid along the length of the blade
- C Repeated quenching of the blade in sea water
- D Very small carbon crystals embedded in the iron
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Very small carbon crystals embedded in the iron
Wootz was a special high-carbon steel produced in many parts of south India; its flowing water pattern came from very small carbon crystals embedded in the iron. The technique was completely lost by the mid-nineteenth century.
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Q.366
Before teaching about maps, a teacher asks students to draw from memory the route from their home to school, showing landmarks. This activity mainly helps the teacher to:
- A Judge students' artistic talent for the drawing competition
- B Measure the exact distance in kilometres from each student's home to the school
- C Find out students' mental maps and existing spatial ideas to build on
- D Test students' knowledge of the countries of the world
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Find out students' mental maps and existing spatial ideas to build on
Mental maps reveal how children already perceive space, direction and landmarks. Starting from them is both diagnostic and constructivist, and gives the teacher a base for introducing scale, direction and symbols.
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Q.367
Match the events in the Buddha's life with the places: A. Attained enlightenment B. Taught for the first time C. Passed away; 1. Sarnath 2. Kusinara 3. Bodh Gaya
- A A-3, B-1, C-2
- B A-1, B-3, C-2
- C A-3, B-2, C-1
- D A-2, B-1, C-3
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) A-3, B-1, C-2
The Buddha attained enlightenment under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar, taught for the first time at Sarnath near Varanasi, and passed away at Kusinara.
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Q.368
Consider these statements about the class-wise learning outcomes developed by NCERT for the elementary stage. 1. They are assessment standards that can be used as checkpoints to assess learning at different points of time. 2. They help teachers and parents know what a child is expected to achieve by the end of a class. Which is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
NCERT's 2017 document describes learning outcomes as process-based assessment standards of the expected level of learning in each class, which can be used as checkpoints to assess learning at different points of time. They also tell teachers, parents and the community what children are expected to achieve in each class.
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Q.369
The Earth's axis is not perpendicular to the plane of its orbit. What angle does the axis make with the orbital plane?
- A 23½°
- B 45°
- C 90°
- D 66½°
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 66½°
The Earth's axis makes an angle of 66½° with its orbital plane, which is the same as a tilt of 23½° from the perpendicular. Confusing these two figures is a common error; 90° would mean no tilt at all.
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Q.370
Around the temple of Kalighat in Calcutta, village scroll painters (patuas) and potters (kumors) developed a new style of art in the nineteenth century. After the 1840s, many Kalighat paintings:
- A copied European oil portraits of British officials
- B showed only scenes of court life in the style of Mughal miniatures
- C were painted on the walls of Tipu Sultan's palace
- D mocked the Western tastes and habits of the new urban elite
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) mocked the Western tastes and habits of the new urban elite
Earlier Kalighat paintings showed mythological themes, but after the 1840s many commented on social and political life under British rule, ridiculing the 'babus' who imitated Western habits. This was popular art, unlike the oil portraits commissioned by the elite.
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Q.371
Consider the following statements: 1. Alauddin Khalji paid his soldiers their salaries in cash rather than through iqtas. 2. Muhammad Tughluq introduced a 'token' currency made of cheap metals. Which of these is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Alauddin paid cash salaries and controlled the prices of goods in Delhi so that soldiers could buy supplies. Muhammad Tughluq issued token coins of cheap metals instead of gold and silver, but people did not trust them and the measure failed.
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Q.372
From the early nineteenth century the British carried out revenue, botanical, zoological, archaeological and forest surveys in India, and by the end of the century a census was held every ten years. Which belief lay behind these efforts?
- A Indian rulers would hand over power only after all of their lands had been surveyed
- B Surveys were needed mainly to choose sites for new churches and missions
- C Such knowledge would help Indian rulers govern their own states better
- D A country had to be properly known before it could be effectively administered
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) A country had to be properly known before it could be effectively administered
The British believed that a country had to be properly known before it could be effectively administered, so they collected detailed information through surveys. The aim was better control and administration by the colonial state, not help to Indian rulers.
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Q.373
A Gram Panchayat has shown spending on a hand-pump scheme, but villagers suspect that the pumps were never installed. Why is the Gram Sabha important in preventing such misuse?
- A It is a court that can try dishonest Panchayat members and send them to jail
- B All voters can see and question the Panchayat's plans and spending there
- C It appoints, transfers and pays the salary of the Panchayat Secretary
- D It collects land revenue from farmers on behalf of the state government
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) All voters can see and question the Panchayat's plans and spending there
The Gram Sabha keeps the Gram Panchayat answerable: the Panchayat's plans and work are placed before the voters, who can question its spending and prevent misuse of money. It is not a court, and it neither appoints the Secretary nor collects land revenue.
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Q.374
In a Gram Panchayat, who is NOT elected but appointed by the government, and is responsible for calling the meetings of the Gram Sabha and keeping a record of the proceedings?
- A The Sarpanch
- B A ward member (Panch)
- C The Up-Sarpanch
- D The Secretary
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) The Secretary
The Panchayat Secretary is appointed by the government and is not an elected member; the Secretary calls Gram Sabha meetings and keeps the records. The Sarpanch, ward members and the Up-Sarpanch are all elected.
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Q.375
Students note that dense forests grow where rainfall is heavy, grasses where it is moderate, and thorny shrubs where it is scanty. Which conclusion is best supported by this observation?
- A Natural vegetation depends only on the type of rock lying below the soil
- B Vegetation type depends mainly on moisture, along with temperature
- C Thorny shrubs grow wherever the soil is fertile
- D Rainfall has no effect on the height of plants
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Vegetation type depends mainly on moisture, along with temperature
The growth of vegetation depends mainly on temperature and moisture: where moisture is plentiful, tall trees grow close together, and as it decreases grasses and then thorny shrubs take over. Soil matters too, but it does not explain this pattern.
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Q.376
A village school has no wall maps. The teacher and students draw a large outline map of India on the playground with chalk, and students walk across it to locate states and rivers. This practice shows that:
- A Effective map learning can use low-cost local resources and movement
- B Map work is not possible without expensive printed materials
- C Outdoor activities are a waste of valuable classroom time
- D Only the teacher should handle maps, as students may damage costly materials
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Effective map learning can use low-cost local resources and movement
Lack of resources is a common problem in teaching social science, but improvised low-cost aids can be very effective. A walk-on map also makes learning active and engages children who learn through movement.
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Q.377
During the nineteenth century, tribal groups such as the Mundas used the word 'dikus' for:
- A the headmen of their own villages and clans
- B the priests who looked after their sacred groves
- C Mughal revenue officials of the sixteenth century
- D outsiders like traders, moneylenders and landlords
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) outsiders like traders, moneylenders and landlords
Tribal groups saw outsiders, or dikus, such as traders, moneylenders and landlords, as the cause of their misery and the loss of their land. Our Pasts III speaks of 'dikus and the Europeans' as separate targets, so British officials and European missionaries are not usually counted among the dikus. Birsa Munda's movement in Chotanagpur in the 1890s aimed to drive out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords and the government.
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Q.378
Which person was asked by Robert Clive to prepare maps of Hindustan, as the Company set out to understand and control the lands it was conquering?
- A James Mill
- B William Jones
- C James Rennell
- D Thomas Munro
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) James Rennell
Robert Clive asked James Rennell to prepare maps of Hindustan; accurate maps helped the British survey and govern the territories they conquered. James Mill wrote The History of British India, and William Jones founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal.
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Q.379
Guru Nanak used the terms nam, dan and isnan for the essence of his teaching. These meant, respectively:
- A charity, pilgrimage and ritual bathing in rivers
- B right worship, welfare of others and purity of conduct
- C renunciation, meditation and silence in the forest
- D recitation of scriptures, gifts to priests and fasting
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) right worship, welfare of others and purity of conduct
Nam, dan and isnan meant right worship, the welfare of others and purity of conduct. Guru Nanak's idea of liberation stressed an active life with social commitment rather than renunciation, and his teachings are now remembered as nam-japna, kirt-karna and vand-chhakna.
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Q.380
Many historians prefer to call the period of British rule in India 'colonial' rather than 'modern'. What is the main reason?
- A Under British rule Indians lacked freedom and equality, and India was subjugated
- B The British ruled India for a much shorter time than any of the earlier dynasties
- C Hardly any written records survive from the period of British rule
- D The British officially named their own rule the 'colonial period'
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Under British rule Indians lacked freedom and equality, and India was subjugated
'Modern' is linked with the growth of science, reason, democracy, liberty and equality, but under British rule people had no equality, freedom or liberty, and the economy did not progress for them. So many historians call this period 'colonial', a word that stresses subjugation and its effects.
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Q.381
A student says the Revolt of 1857 happened only because of the greased cartridges. The teacher asks the class to examine the grievances of sepoys, peasants, rulers and artisans. The teacher is helping students understand that:
- A Major events usually have several causes, both long-term and immediate
- B Only military causes are important in explaining a revolt
- C The list of causes given in the textbook must be memorised in the same order
- D Rumours are the most reliable kind of historical source
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Major events usually have several causes, both long-term and immediate
The cartridge issue was an immediate trigger, but the revolt drew on long-standing grievances of many groups. Asking students to weigh several causes guards against single-cause explanations.
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Q.382
In 'The Discovery of India', which leader wrote that Indian unity was not imposed from outside but was 'something deeper', an idea often summed up in the phrase 'unity in diversity'?
- A Rabindranath Tagore
- B Mahatma Gandhi
- C Jawaharlal Nehru
- D B.R. Ambedkar
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Jawaharlal Nehru
In The Discovery of India (1946), Jawaharlal Nehru wrote that Indian unity was not imposed from outside and that every variety of belief and custom was tolerated and even encouraged. Nehru did much to popularise the idea of 'unity in diversity', but the phrase itself is older and was not coined by him. Tagore wrote the national anthem, which also celebrates this diversity.
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Q.383
A population pyramid also shows the number of dependants in a country. Which groups are treated as dependants?
- A People below 15 and above 65 years
- B Only people below 15 years of age
- C People between 15 and 65 years of age
- D Only people who live in rural areas
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) People below 15 and above 65 years
Young dependants (below 15 years) and elderly dependants (above 65 years) depend on people of working age, who are economically active. A pyramid with a broad base therefore shows a large number of young dependants.
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Q.384
To make the idea of people's participation in decisions real, a Class 6 teacher asks students to find out who sits on their School Management Committee and what it does. This approach works well mainly because it:
- A Links a democratic idea to a body in the children's own school
- B Replaces the need to study the chapter on local government
- C Lets the teacher avoid preparing the lesson
- D Is the only teaching method that the RTE Act allows for this topic
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Links a democratic idea to a body in the children's own school
The School Management Committee, set up under the RTE Act with parents, teachers and local representatives, is a form of participation that children can observe directly, which makes an abstract idea concrete.
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Q.385
Around 3900 years ago, people stopped living in many Harappan cities, and writing, seals and weights went out of use. Which statement best reflects how NCERT presents the reasons for this?
- A All the cities were destroyed at the same time in a single war with invaders from outside
- B One great earthquake ruined every Harappan city within the same year
- C The people left for Mesopotamia, taking their script and their seals with them
- D Drying rivers, deforestation and floods are suggested, but none explains every city's end
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Drying rivers, deforestation and floods are suggested, but none explains every city's end
Some scholars suggest that rivers dried up, others point to deforestation, and some areas were flooded, but none of these explains the end of all the cities; it seems the rulers lost control. Sites in Sind and west Punjab were abandoned, and many people moved to newer, smaller settlements to the east and south.
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Q.386
Consider the following statements:
1. Weathering is the breaking up of rocks on the Earth's surface.
2. Erosion is the breaking up of rocks in the same place, without any of the material being carried away.
Which of these is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Only 1
Weathering breaks rocks up where they are. Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by agents such as running water, wind and ice, which carry the material away, so statement 2 describes weathering, not erosion.
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Q.387
Match the reformers with the organisations or ideas associated with them: A. Jyotirao Phule B. Ghasidas C. E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker (Periyar) D. Sri Narayana Guru; 1. Self-Respect Movement 2. Satyashodhak Samaj 3. 'One caste, one religion, one god for humankind' 4. Satnami movement
- A A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
- B A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
- C A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
- D A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj, Ghasidas founded the Satnami movement among leatherworkers in central India, Periyar started the Self-Respect Movement, and Sri Narayana Guru of Kerala proclaimed the ideal of 'one caste, one religion, one god for humankind'.
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Q.388
According to NCERT, the government tries to put into practice the equality guaranteed by the Constitution in two main ways. These are:
- A through elections and through the armed forces of the country
- B through private companies and through charitable trusts
- C through the courts alone and through the police
- D through laws and through schemes for disadvantaged groups
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) through laws and through schemes for disadvantaged groups
The government implements equality first through laws, such as those that ban discrimination, and second through programmes and schemes that help disadvantaged communities, such as the midday meal scheme.
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Q.389
On a ship, a clock set to Greenwich time shows 6:00 p.m. at the moment when the Sun is at its highest point in the sky at the ship's position (local noon). On which longitude is the ship?
- A 90° E
- B 60° W
- C 45° E
- D 90° W
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 90° W
Local time is 6 hours behind Greenwich time, so the ship is west of Greenwich, and each hour equals 15° of longitude: 6 × 15° = 90° W. A place on 90° E would be 6 hours ahead, with local midnight at that moment.
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Q.390
In a mixed-ability Class 7, everyone studies the weekly market, but some students draw and label a market scene, some write a description, and some compare prices in two markets. This is an example of:
- A Differentiated instruction through tiered tasks
- B Streaming students into fixed ability sections
- C Norm-referenced testing
- D Programmed learning
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Differentiated instruction through tiered tasks
Tiered tasks keep the same core topic for all while varying the level of challenge, so that each learner works at a suitable level; children are not permanently grouped by ability.
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Q.391
Ashoka sent messengers to spread his ideas about dhamma to other lands. Which group of lands is mentioned in this connection?
- A China, Japan, Korea and Tibet
- B Syria, Egypt, Greece and Sri Lanka
- C Rome, Gaul, Britain and Spain
- D Java, Sumatra, Bali and Champa
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Syria, Egypt, Greece and Sri Lanka
Ashoka sent messengers to lands such as Syria, Egypt, Greece and Sri Lanka, and appointed officials known as dhamma mahamattas to teach people about dhamma within his empire. His messages were also inscribed on rocks and pillars.
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Q.392
After a general election, no single party wins a majority in the Lok Sabha. Several parties then come together, agree on a common programme and form the government. Such a government is called a:
- A presidential government
- B caretaker government
- C military government
- D coalition government
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) coalition government
A coalition is formed when parties that individually lack a majority join together to gain majority support in the Lok Sabha. A caretaker government only holds office until a new government is formed.
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Q.393
In 1919 Mahatma Gandhi called for a satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act. The Act was opposed mainly because it:
- A raised the tax on salt and gave the state a monopoly over it
- B partitioned the province of Bengal into two parts
- C allowed Indians to be elected in large numbers to the provincial legislatures
- D curbed rights such as free expression and strengthened police powers
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) curbed rights such as free expression and strengthened police powers
The Rowlatt Act curbed fundamental rights such as freedom of expression and strengthened police powers. The protests against it were followed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar on 13 April 1919.
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Q.394
Before showing a documentary on the national movement, a teacher gives students a few focus questions, pauses the film for short discussions and reminds them that the film is one interpretation. This approach ensures:
- A That the film replaces the teacher's explanation
- B That students memorise the narration word for word
- C Active, critical viewing instead of passive watching
- D That the period passes without any disturbance
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Active, critical viewing instead of passive watching
Audio-visual material is most useful when students watch with a purpose and question what they see. A documentary, like a textbook, presents a point of view that needs to be examined.
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Q.395
Match the weather instruments with what they measure:
(a) Barometer (b) Wind vane (c) Rain gauge (d) Anemometer
1. Speed of the wind 2. Air pressure 3. Direction of the wind 4. Amount of rainfall
- A a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
- B a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
- C a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4
- D a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
A barometer measures air pressure, a wind vane shows the direction from which the wind blows, a rain gauge measures the amount of rainfall, and an anemometer measures the speed of the wind.
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Q.396
Which of the following best explains why Jamshedpur proved a good location for the iron and steel plant of TISCO?
- A It lay on the coast, so all raw materials could be imported by sea
- B It was in a hot desert, far away from towns and people
- C It was close to the Himalayas, which supplied cheap hydel power
- D It was near coal and iron ore, had river water and Kolkata as a market
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) It was near coal and iron ore, had river water and Kolkata as a market
Jamshedpur was close to coal (from Jharia) and to iron ore, limestone and manganese deposits, the Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers supplied water, and nearby Kolkata offered a large market. It is an inland site, not on the coast or near the Himalayas. TISCO is now called Tata Steel.
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Q.397
Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and the Puga valley in Ladakh are known for their potential to produce which type of energy?
- A Tidal energy
- B Nuclear energy
- C Wind energy
- D Geothermal energy
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Geothermal energy
Heat from inside the Earth, seen in hot springs, can be used to produce geothermal energy; Manikaran and the Puga valley are India's well-known geothermal sites. Tidal energy uses sea tides, and nuclear energy uses elements such as uranium and thorium.
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Q.398
Rabindranath Tagore set up his school at Santiniketan in 1901, in a rural setting away from Calcutta. Which idea guided him?
- A Children learn best through strict discipline and memorising textbooks
- B Education should mainly train clerks for government offices
- C Only English should be used so that children can join the modern world
- D Children should be happy, free and creative, and learn close to nature
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Correct answer: (D) Children should be happy, free and creative, and learn close to nature
As a child Tagore had found school suffocating, like a prison; he wanted a school where children were happy, free and creative, set in a natural environment. He also valued art, music and dance, along with science and technology.
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Q.399
When asked who supplies water to their town, many Class 6 students answer, 'The Prime Minister.' The most suitable way to address this idea is to:
- A Tell them the correct answer and move on to the next topic
- B Have them find out which body or department actually supplies their water
- C Ask them to memorise the three levels of government in their correct order
- D Explain the powers of the Prime Minister to them in detail
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Correct answer: (B) Have them find out which body or department actually supplies their water
Finding out how the local body or department actually arranges the water supply shows students that different levels of government handle different work, and links the idea to their own lives.
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Q.400
The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Indian Constitution by the:
- A 44th Amendment, 1978
- B 73rd Amendment, 1992
- C 86th Amendment, 2002
- D 42nd Amendment, 1976
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Correct answer: (D) 42nd Amendment, 1976
The 42nd Amendment (1976) added the Fundamental Duties in Article 51A. The 86th Amendment (2002) later added one more duty, for parents or guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children aged 6 to 14.
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How these questions were made
Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.