Pariksha SaathiPedagogy
CTET Social Studies (SST) MCQ with Answers, Paper 2
756 practice questions on Social Studies and its Pedagogy (Paper II) for CTET Paper II (Social Studies/Social Science), with answers; most also have an explanation or a worked solution. Try each one before you open its answer.
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Q.401
A teacher plans to ask every child to draw a family tree. Some children live with a single parent, with grandparents or in a hostel. The most sensitive way to plan the activity is to:
- A Insist on a standard tree showing mother, father, brothers and sisters
- B Let each child show the people they live with, in their own way
- C Excuse those children from the activity in front of the class
- D Ask those children to draw a classmate's family instead
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Let each child show the people they live with, in their own way
Families take many forms. Giving children a flexible way to show the people in their lives includes every child and avoids embarrassing anyone.
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Q.402
Under great heat and pressure, igneous and sedimentary rocks change into metamorphic rocks. Which of the following changes is correct?
- A Slate changes into clay
- B Marble changes into granite
- C Limestone changes into marble
- D Sandstone changes into basalt
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Limestone changes into marble
Heat and pressure change limestone into marble and clay into slate; marble and slate are both metamorphic rocks. The other options reverse the process or pair unrelated rocks.
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Q.403
For the middle stage (Classes 6 to 8), NEP 2020 introduces subject teachers but says that which of the following will still be encouraged and emphasised?
- A Strict separation of the subjects, with no links between them at all
- B Preparation for board examinations from Class 6
- C A choice between science and social science
- D Experiential learning and exploring relations among subjects
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Experiential learning and exploring relations among subjects
NEP 2020 says that, despite more specialised subjects and teachers at the middle stage, experiential learning within each subject and the exploration of relations among different subjects will be encouraged and emphasised.
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Q.404
For several centuries the teachings of Mahavira and his followers were passed on orally. They were written down, in the form in which they are available today, about 1500 years ago at:
- A Valabhi in Gujarat
- B Vaishali in Bihar
- C Pataliputra in Bihar
- D Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) Valabhi in Gujarat
The Jaina teachings were written down at Valabhi in Gujarat about 1500 years ago. Vaishali was the capital of the Vajji sangha, to which Mahavira's Lichchhavi clan belonged.
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Q.405
Sher Shah Sur, who defeated Humayun and ruled from Delhi from 1540 to 1545, introduced an administration that borrowed elements from Alauddin Khalji and made them more efficient. Its lasting importance was that it:
- A introduced the system of iqtas into the subcontinent for the first time
- B became the model followed by Akbar in building the Mughal empire
- C ended the use of coins in the collection of land revenue
- D moved the capital of the empire permanently to Daulatabad
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) became the model followed by Akbar in building the Mughal empire
Although the Sur dynasty ruled for only fifteen years (1540-1555), Sher Shah's administration became the model that Akbar followed when he consolidated the Mughal empire. Iqtas were already in use under the early Delhi Sultans.
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Q.406
The Rigveda uses two words for the people or the community as a whole. One is 'jana'. The other, from which the word 'vaishya' comes, is:
- A sabha
- B vish
- C samiti
- D gana
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) vish
The two words are jana, still used in Hindi and other languages, and vish, from which the word vaishya is derived. Sabha and samiti were assemblies, and gana referred to a group with many members.
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Q.407
A civics teacher asks students to bring newspaper cuttings on elections, courts and local government every week. The main pedagogical value of using newspapers in this way is that they:
- A Only improve reading speed
- B Are a waste of class time
- C Link classroom concepts to current, real-world events and institutions
- D Serve only as material for language lessons
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Link classroom concepts to current, real-world events and institutions
Newspapers make abstract civic institutions visible in action and help students see the relevance of the curriculum to the world around them, while also providing practice in evaluating sources.
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Q.408
A textbook gives a general description of how a crop is grown in India. A student says that farmers in her village follow a different practice. The best response of the teacher is to:
- A Tell her that the textbook is correct and that her village is an exception
- B Ask her not to bring outside information into the lesson
- C Note her point but continue with the textbook explanation
- D Ask her to describe it and discuss why farming practices vary by region
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Ask her to describe it and discuss why farming practices vary by region
The student's local knowledge is a valuable resource; discussing it shows that a general textbook statement may not fit every region and helps the class understand regional variation.
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Q.409
The place inside the crust where an earthquake originates is called the focus. What is the place on the Earth's surface directly above the focus called?
- A Fault
- B Crater
- C Seismograph
- D Epicentre
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Epicentre
The epicentre is the point on the surface directly above the focus; vibrations are strongest there and weaken outwards. A seismograph is the instrument that records earthquake waves, and a crater is the mouth of a volcano.
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Q.410
Why did the Buddha teach in Prakrit rather than in Sanskrit?
- A Sanskrit had not yet developed as a language in his time
- B Prakrit was the sacred language in which the Vedas were composed
- C So that ordinary people, who spoke Prakrit, could understand his message
- D The rulers of Magadha had banned the use of Sanskrit in their kingdom
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) So that ordinary people, who spoke Prakrit, could understand his message
The Buddha taught in Prakrit, the language of ordinary people, so that everybody, not only those who knew Sanskrit, could understand his message. The Vedas had been composed much earlier, in Vedic Sanskrit.
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Q.411
Meena was born into one religion but wishes to adopt another, while her cousin interprets the teachings of their religion differently from the priests. Under the Indian Constitution:
- A only the cousin's choice is protected, not Meena's
- B both are free, under the freedom of religion, to make these choices
- C neither choice is protected, since a person's religion is fixed at birth
- D only Meena's choice is protected, not her cousin's
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) both are free, under the freedom of religion, to make these choices
The Constitution gives individuals the freedom to profess and practise a religion and, as NCERT notes, the freedom to leave their religion and adopt another and to interpret religious teachings differently. This protects individuals from domination within their own community.
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Q.412
In the eighteenth century the Marathas collected chauth and sardeshmukhi in the areas they controlled. What was chauth?
- A 9-10 per cent of the land revenue, paid to the head revenue collector
- B Half of the peasant's produce, taken as a tax called kharaj
- C A tax on trade passing through Maratha territory
- D 25 per cent of the land revenue claimed by zamindars
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 25 per cent of the land revenue claimed by zamindars
Chauth was 25 per cent of the land revenue claimed by zamindars, which in the Deccan was collected by the Marathas; sardeshmukhi was 9-10 per cent of the land revenue paid to the head revenue collector in the Deccan. These levies were an important source of Maratha income.
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Q.413
Consider the following statements about the Ganga-Brahmaputra basin:
1. The mangrove forests of the Sundarbans delta are a home of the Royal Bengal tiger.
2. The one-horned rhinoceros is found in the Brahmaputra plain.
3. Rainfall in the plains of this basin is too low for rice to be grown.
Which of these are correct?
- A 1 and 2 only
- B 2 and 3 only
- C 1 and 3 only
- D 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
The Sundarbans delta, with its mangrove forests, is a home of the Royal Bengal tiger, and the one-horned rhinoceros lives in the Brahmaputra plain. Statement 3 is wrong: with good rainfall and fertile soil, rice (paddy) is the main crop of these plains.
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Q.414
Which of the following pairs consists of young fold mountains?
- A The Himalayas and the Alps
- B The Aravalis and the Appalachians
- C Kilimanjaro and Fujiyama
- D The Urals and the Aravalis
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) The Himalayas and the Alps
The Himalayas and the Alps are young fold mountains with rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravalis, Appalachians and Urals are very old fold mountains worn down by erosion, while Kilimanjaro and Fujiyama are volcanic mountains.
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Q.415
A Class 6 student with an intellectual disability finds the chapter on local government hard to follow. The most suitable approach is to:
- A Exempt the student from social science for the whole year
- B Give the same task as others but with less time
- C Teach in small steps with pictures and real examples, giving extra time
- D Seat the student at the back so that the rest of the class is not slowed down
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Teach in small steps with pictures and real examples, giving extra time
Breaking learning into small steps, using concrete and visual material, and allowing more time are standard adaptations that let the child learn the same ideas at a suitable pace.
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Q.416
'Learning indicators' in social science, as described in NCERT documents, are:
- A The marks a student scores in the annual examination
- B The chapters listed in the textbook
- C The attendance record of the student
- D Observable behaviours that show the learner is progressing towards the expected learning outcomes
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Observable behaviours that show the learner is progressing towards the expected learning outcomes
Learning indicators are specific, observable evidence (for example, 'locates places on a map', 'compares two sources') that the teacher uses to judge whether learning outcomes are being achieved during CCE.
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Q.417
A historian writes that an event took place in 'the third century BCE'. Which of the following years falls within that century?
- A 350 BCE
- B 150 BCE
- C 250 BCE
- D 250 CE
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 250 BCE
BCE years are counted backwards, so the third century BCE runs from 300 BCE to 201 BCE and includes 250 BCE. 350 BCE lies in the fourth century BCE, 150 BCE in the second century BCE, and 250 CE in the third century CE.
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Q.418
Which statement about the Rajya Sabha is correct?
- A Its members are directly elected by the voters every five years
- B It mainly represents the states and can review and alter bills passed by the Lok Sabha
- C It can be dissolved before its term ends, like the Lok Sabha
- D A bill passed by the Lok Sabha becomes law without ever having to go to the Rajya Sabha
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) It mainly represents the states and can review and alter bills passed by the Lok Sabha
The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as the representative of the states. It can initiate legislation, and bills generally have to pass through it as well, so it reviews and, if needed, alters laws initiated in the Lok Sabha. It is a permanent House and is not dissolved.
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Q.419
A powerful landlord forcibly takes over land that the government had allotted to a Dalit family, and publicly humiliates a member of the family. Which law specifically provides for punishing such acts?
- A The Right to Information Act, 2005
- B The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005
- C The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act, 2006
- D The SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) The SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
The 1989 Act, framed in response to demands by Dalits and others, makes various forms of humiliation of SCs and STs punishable and also punishes those who wrongfully take away land owned by or allotted to them. The other laws deal with information, inheritance and forest rights.
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Q.420
Air is found everywhere, while copper and iron ore are found only in certain places. On the basis of distribution, these are, respectively:
- A localised and ubiquitous resources
- B renewable and potential resources
- C biotic and abiotic resources
- D ubiquitous and localised resources
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) ubiquitous and localised resources
Resources found everywhere, like air, are ubiquitous; those found only in certain places, like copper and iron ore, are localised. Biotic and abiotic is a classification by origin, not by distribution.
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Q.421
Match the leaders of the revolt of 1857 with the places where they led it: A. Nana Saheb B. Begum Hazrat Mahal C. Kunwar Singh D. Rani Lakshmibai; 1. Lucknow 2. Jhansi 3. Kanpur 4. Bihar
- A A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
- B A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
- C A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
- D A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
Nana Saheb gathered armed forces at Kanpur, Begum Hazrat Mahal supported her son Birjis Qadr as the new nawab in Lucknow, Kunwar Singh, an old zamindar, joined the rebel sepoys in Bihar, and Rani Lakshmibai fought the British at Jhansi.
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Q.422
To find a town in an atlas, a Class 7 student looks it up in the index, which gives a page number and the town's latitude and longitude, and then traces it on the map. The skill being developed is:
- A Measuring distances with the scale
- B Reading thematic maps of rainfall
- C Locating places using the atlas index and grid
- D Orienting a map with a compass
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Locating places using the atlas index and grid
The atlas index, together with the grid of latitudes and longitudes printed on each map, lets students find any place quickly and exactly, an essential atlas skill.
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Q.423
Mehrgarh, near the Bolan Pass in present-day Pakistan, is important because it is one of the places where people:
- A first built planned cities with a raised citadel and a separate lower town
- B first used iron ploughshares to till the heavy, clayey soil of the area
- C carved the earliest stone inscriptions of the subcontinent in Brahmi script
- D first learnt to grow barley and wheat and rear sheep and goats in that area
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) first learnt to grow barley and wheat and rear sheep and goats in that area
Mehrgarh is one of the places where people learnt to grow barley and wheat and to rear sheep and goats for the first time in this area; it is one of the earliest known villages. Citadels belong to Harappan cities, and iron ploughshares and Brahmi inscriptions to much later periods.
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Q.424
In the Chola period, land gifted to brahmanas was called:
- A vellanvagai
- B brahmadeya
- C shalabhoga
- D pallichchhandam
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) brahmadeya
Brahmadeya was land gifted to brahmanas. Vellanvagai was land of non-brahmana peasant proprietors, shalabhoga was land for the maintenance of a school, and pallichchhandam was land donated to Jaina institutions.
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Q.425
One important function of a constitution in a democracy is to protect minorities. This means it ensures that:
- A a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful people or groups
- B minorities are not allowed to vote in national elections
- C only members of the majority community can hold public office
- D the majority community can change any law whenever it wishes, without any limits
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful people or groups
A constitution contains rules that guard against the 'tyranny of the majority', so that a dominant group cannot use its power against less powerful individuals or communities. Fundamental Rights, for example, protect every citizen, including minorities.
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Q.426
A student has written an answer on why people migrate from villages to cities. Which teacher comment is the most useful feedback?
- A 'Good, 7 out of 10.'
- B 'Poor work. Write the whole answer again neatly.'
- C 'Look at your classmate's answer and copy its points.'
- D 'You explained one reason clearly; now add evidence for a second one.'
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) 'You explained one reason clearly; now add evidence for a second one.'
Descriptive feedback tells the learner what was done well and what specific step will improve the work. A bare mark or a general remark gives no direction for improvement.
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Q.427
Where does the government mainly get the money to provide public facilities such as water supply, roads and hospitals?
- A From loans that citizens take from banks
- B From the profits of private water tankers
- C From donations by foreign governments and international charities
- D From the taxes it collects, with spending planned in its Budget
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) From the taxes it collects, with spending planned in its Budget
The government raises money mainly through taxes and plans its spending in the Budget presented to the legislature. It uses this money for public facilities such as water, sanitation, health care and roads.
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Q.428
For centuries the water of a fast-flowing river was used only for drinking and irrigation. It became a source of electricity only after people learnt to build hydroelectric power plants. This shows that:
- A a resource must always be made by human beings
- B only non-renewable substances can become resources
- C time and technology can change substances into resources
- D the value of a substance never changes with time
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) time and technology can change substances into resources
A substance becomes a resource, or gains new uses, when people have the knowledge and technology to use it; flowing water gained a new value once hydroelectricity could be generated. Water is a natural, renewable resource, not one made by people.
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Q.429
Consider the following statements:
1. Venus is often called the Earth's twin because its size and shape are very similar to those of the Earth.
2. Like stars, planets have their own heat and light.
3. Mercury is the planet nearest to the Sun.
Which of these are correct?
- A 1 and 2 only
- B 2 and 3 only
- C 1 and 3 only
- D 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) 1 and 3 only
Venus is called the Earth's twin because of its similar size and shape, and Mercury is the planet nearest to the Sun. Planets have no light of their own; they shine by reflecting sunlight, which is what separates them from stars.
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Q.430
Asked 'Why do we need a Constitution?', a Class 8 student replies, 'So that the Prime Minister can rule the country.' The most suitable response of the teacher is to:
- A Say 'Wrong' and move on at once to another student
- B Accept the attempt and ask what would happen if rulers had no limits
- C Ask the student to read the chapter again at home
- D Give the correct answer and ask the whole class to learn it by heart
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Accept the attempt and ask what would happen if rulers had no limits
Building on the answer with a further question respects the student and leads him to see that a Constitution limits the power of those who govern. Saying 'wrong' or dictating the answer discourages thinking.
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Q.431
Which organisation is known for its long campaign to end manual scavenging, including a petition filed in the Supreme Court in 2003?
- A Narmada Bachao Andolan
- B Safai Karmachari Andolan
- C Chipko Andolan
- D Tawa Matsya Sangh
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Safai Karmachari Andolan
The Safai Karmachari Andolan campaigns against manual scavenging, the practice of removing human excreta from dry latrines by hand. In 2003 it and others filed a PIL complaining that the practice continued even though the law banned it.
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Q.432
In the Mughal empire, peasants in most places paid taxes through rural elites, such as the village headman or a local chieftain. The Mughals used a single term for all such intermediaries:
- A zamindars
- B bandagan
- C mahajans
- D jagirdars
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) zamindars
The Mughals called all such intermediaries, whether village headmen or powerful chieftains, zamindars. Jagirdars, by contrast, were mansabdars who held revenue assignments called jagirs.
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Q.433
Class 6 students find it hard to make sense of a translated extract from an Ashokan inscription. The most suitable support from the teacher is to:
- A Replace the source with a simple summary written by the teacher and dictate it
- B Give a short extract with guiding questions and model how to read it first
- C Give students the full original text in Prakrit to decode
- D Ask students to memorise the extract for the unit test
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Give a short extract with guiding questions and model how to read it first
This is scaffolding: temporary support such as guiding questions and modelling helps learners do what they cannot yet do alone, and is withdrawn as they gain skill. Replacing the source removes the chance to learn from evidence.
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Q.434
A Class 7 student insists that no river in India can flow towards the north because 'water cannot flow upwards'. The teacher should help the student understand that:
- A All the rivers of India in fact flow only towards the south or east
- B Rivers can flow towards the north only during the monsoon
- C Rivers flow downhill, and north on a map does not mean 'uphill'
- D Maps of India are usually printed with the south at the top
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Rivers flow downhill, and north on a map does not mean 'uphill'
The student confuses 'up' on a map with height above the ground. Rivers follow the slope of the land; the Chambal, for example, flows north-eastwards to meet the Yamuna.
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Q.435
Class 8 students plan a survey of household incomes and occupations in their neighbourhood. Which of the following is NOT an ethical practice for this survey?
- A Explaining the purpose of the survey to each family before asking any questions
- B Asking for consent and accepting a refusal without argument
- C Displaying each family's income by name on the class notice board
- D Keeping personal details confidential and reporting only totals
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Displaying each family's income by name on the class notice board
Surveys that touch on income, caste or similar matters must respect people's privacy and dignity. Publishing named incomes breaks confidentiality; explaining the purpose, taking consent and reporting totals are good practice.
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Q.436
For a project on the national movement, students compare reports of the same protest in an Indian nationalist newspaper and in a British-owned newspaper of that time. They are mainly learning that:
- A Newspapers always report events without taking any side
- B Old newspapers are secondary sources and of no real use to historians
- C Only official government records can be trusted as sources
- D Old newspapers are primary sources that reflect their owners' views
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Old newspapers are primary sources that reflect their owners' views
Newspapers written at the time of an event are primary sources, but each reflects the viewpoint of its owners and writers, so comparing them shows how the same event could be reported differently.
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Q.437
Economic activities are grouped as primary, secondary and tertiary. A baker who turns flour into bread and biscuits is engaged in which type of activity?
- A Primary
- B Secondary
- C Tertiary
- D Both primary and tertiary
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Secondary
Secondary activities process natural resources or raw materials into new products, as in baking bread from flour. Growing wheat is a primary activity, and transporting or selling the bread are tertiary activities.
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Q.438
Match the terms with what they involve:
(a) Sericulture (b) Pisciculture (c) Viticulture (d) Horticulture
1. Breeding fish in specially built tanks and ponds
2. Rearing silkworms
3. Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for sale
4. Cultivating grapes
- A a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
- B a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3
- C a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
- D a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Sericulture is the commercial rearing of silkworms, pisciculture the breeding of fish in specially built tanks and ponds, viticulture the cultivation of grapes, and horticulture the growing of vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use.
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Q.439
In the Constituent Assembly there was a heated debate over the language of the nation. What compromise was finally reached?
- A English would remain the sole official language of the Union for all purposes
- B Hindi would be the official language, while English continued in courts and services
- C Every state would use only its own language, with no common link language
- D Sanskrit would be the national language and Hindi the language of the courts
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Hindi would be the official language, while English continued in courts and services
Some members, such as R.V. Dhulekar, wanted Hindi made the national language, while members from the south, such as T.T. Krishnamachari, warned against imposing it. The compromise made Hindi the 'official language' of India, while English continued in the courts, the services and communication between states.
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Q.440
Christmas (25 December) falls in the summer season in Australia. Which of the following explains this?
- A In December the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun
- B Australia lies on the Equator, so it has summer all year
- C Australia is nearer to the Sun than India in every month
- D In December the Sun's rays fall vertically on the Tropic of Cancer
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) In December the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun
Around 22 December the South Pole is tilted towards the Sun and its rays fall vertically on the Tropic of Capricorn, so the Southern Hemisphere, where Australia lies, has summer with long days. Seasons are caused by the tilt, not by distance from the Sun.
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Q.441
Before a visit to a farm, the teacher gives each group a sheet listing what to observe and record: crops grown, sources of water, tools used, and who does which work. This sheet mainly helps to:
- A Limit students' curiosity to the listed items alone
- B Replace any discussion after the visit
- C Check the neatness of students' handwriting
- D Focus observation and make data collection systematic
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Focus observation and make data collection systematic
An observation schedule gives the visit a clear purpose and makes students' observations systematic and comparable; it does not stop them from noting other things or replace follow-up discussion.
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Q.442
Before handing in a map of their locality, students check their own work against a list: Does it have a title, a key, a north arrow and a scale? This practice mainly develops:
- A Competition among classmates for the highest marks
- B Dependence on the teacher to point out every error
- C Speed in finishing map work within a time limit
- D Self-assessment and the habit of monitoring one's own work
Show answer
Correct answer: (D) Self-assessment and the habit of monitoring one's own work
A self-assessment checklist makes the criteria clear and lets learners review and improve their own work, which is assessment as learning. It builds independence rather than reliance on the teacher.
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Q.443
After campaigns by the women's movement, in 1997 the Supreme Court laid down guidelines to protect women against:
- A dowry demands at the time of marriage
- B unequal shares of daughters in family property, including agricultural land
- C sexual harassment at the workplace and in educational institutions
- D being denied the right to vote
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) sexual harassment at the workplace and in educational institutions
In 1997 the Supreme Court formulated guidelines (the Vishaka guidelines) to protect women against sexual harassment at the workplace and within educational institutions; for workplaces they were later replaced by the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013. Property rights were addressed by the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, and dowry by other laws.
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Q.444
In rural administration, the official who measures land and keeps the land records of a group of villages is commonly called the:
- A Tehsildar
- B Patwari
- C Sarpanch
- D Block Development Officer
Show answer
Correct answer: (B) Patwari
The Patwari (known as Lekhpal, Talati, Karamchari or Village Officer in different states) measures land and maintains the land records of a group of villages. The Tehsildar is the senior revenue officer who supervises the Patwari's work; in many states a Kanungo (revenue inspector) stands between them, so 'Kanungo' is not another name for the Patwari.
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Q.445
Consider the following statements about the Great Bath at Mohenjodaro: 1. It was lined with bricks, coated with plaster and made watertight with a layer of natural tar. 2. Steps led down to it from two sides. Which of these is/are correct?
- A Only 1
- B Only 2
- C Both 1 and 2
- D Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Both statements describe the Great Bath: a brick-lined tank made watertight with natural tar, with steps leading down into it from the north and the south. It stood in a courtyard surrounded by a corridor, with rooms on three sides. Water was probably brought from a well and drained out after use.
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Q.446
After reading different sources, two Class 7 students give different explanations for the weakening of the Mughal empire in the 18th century. The most appropriate response of the teacher is to:
- A Declare the explanation given in the textbook to be the only right answer for the examination
- B Say that history is just opinion, so both explanations are equally right even without any evidence
- C Ask each to present the evidence for their view and discuss why interpretations of the past differ
- D Stop the discussion because differing views will only confuse the rest of the class
Show answer
Correct answer: (C) Ask each to present the evidence for their view and discuss why interpretations of the past differ
History involves interpretation, but interpretations are judged by the evidence and reasoning behind them. Asking for evidence avoids both a single 'official' answer and the idea that any opinion is as good as another.
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Q.447
A child stands in an open field in the morning, facing the rising Sun. Which direction will be on the child's left?
- A North
- B South
- C West
- D South-west
Show answer
Correct answer: (A) North
The Sun rises in the east, so the child is facing east; west is behind, south is to the right and north is to the left. Knowing one cardinal direction helps to find the other three.
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Q.448
When large areas of land are broken and displaced vertically, block mountains are formed. In such mountains, the uplifted blocks and the lowered blocks are called, respectively:
- A grabens and horsts
- B horsts and grabens
- C moraines and levees
- D stacks and arches
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Correct answer: (B) horsts and grabens
In block mountains the uplifted blocks are called horsts and the lowered blocks grabens; the Rhine valley and the Vosges mountains in Europe are examples. Moraines are laid down by glaciers, levees by rivers, and stacks and arches are carved by sea waves.
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Q.449
How does forming a weavers' cooperative help weavers who earlier depended on merchants?
- A The weavers jointly buy yarn and market their cloth, getting a fairer return
- B The cooperative fixes the price of cloth for all shops in the country
- C Weavers no longer need to weave, as the cooperative hires other workers
- D Weavers stop paying for yarn, as the merchant now supplies it free
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Correct answer: (A) The weavers jointly buy yarn and market their cloth, getting a fairer return
In a cooperative, people with common interests work together for mutual benefit: weavers buy yarn together, sell cloth collectively and keep more of the earnings, reducing their dependence on merchants. Governments sometimes support them by buying cloth from cooperatives at a reasonable price.
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Q.450
The ground starts shaking during an earthquake while students are in their classroom. What is the safest thing for them to do?
- A Stand near the glass windows to see what is happening
- B Use the lift to reach the ground floor as fast as possible
- C Stand under the ceiling fan in the middle of the room
- D Take cover under a strong desk, away from windows and hanging objects
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Correct answer: (D) Take cover under a strong desk, away from windows and hanging objects
During shaking the safe spot is under a sturdy table or desk or against an inside wall, away from windows, mirrors and things that can fall. Glass can shatter, hanging objects can fall, and lifts can fail.
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How these questions were made
Authored by an AI assistant (Claude) from its own general knowledge of stable, well-established facts (no live lookup) - not reviewed by a subject-matter expert; verify against an official source before relying on any fact.